An Integrated Approach to Sustainable Urban Redevelopment: Birmingham Eastside as a National and International Demonstrator

可持续东区项目的目的是探索如何在重建决策过程中处理可持续发展问题，并对照规定的可持续发展资格和愿望评估伯明翰东区已完成的发展计划的可持续发展表现。将可持续发展纳入城市重建计划，例如伯明翰东区，似乎最好将其概念化为由嵌入发展过程的利益相关者执行的复杂决策过程。可持续发展的障碍和促进因素(如本项目第一阶段所确定的)出现在该建筑群内的不同时刻或地点。决策的时机和背景是关键的(在第二阶段审查)，可能会造成路径依赖，从而限制可持续性在最终发展计划中的作用。在第一和第二阶段，研究建立了一个跨学科知识和主要伙伴关系的框架；强调了协调统一可持续发展的三大支柱的重要性，以便能够充分应对实现城市可持续发展的复杂性；进入东区的主要决策论坛；与该地区的主要利益攸关方建立了牢固的联系；并坚定地纳入了东区的政策议程。此外，研究人员正在努力建立一个贯穿各领域的东区发展基线数据集，以严格衡量随着时间的推移而发生的变化，以及特定决定对整个城市重建计划可持续性的影响。在这样做的过程中，正在建立一个地区性城市更新案例研究场地的基础，并通过建立一个研究设施加以加强，该设施有图书馆和轮用办公桌，现在可供Sue/IEP财团的研究人员研究将研究应用于实践。第二阶段的新发现使研究人员能够提出一系列假设，说明在一系列决策论坛上做出可持续决策的时机，以及路径依赖成为问题的程度。在第三阶段，将使用一套创新的分析工具，进一步阐明东区可持续发展愿景的关键要素的复杂性和相互作用。首先，将使用发展时间表框架(DTF)作为进一步研究的基础，这是一个多学科工具，明确了实现可持续发展目标的决策的路径依赖关系，以及不同可持续发展目标之间的冲突和协同作用。第二，应用于可持续发展框架的贯穿各领域的可持续发展核对表(SC)将使每位研究人员能够分析每一可持续发展要素(例如生物多样性、公众参与、空间利用、当地采购和回收)决策的时机和背景的影响。第三，工业生态(IE)分析将跟踪特定的资源(如水、集料)，从而突出它们之间的相互依存关系，而社会影响评估(SIA)方法将能够评估可持续性的社会文化方面(IE方法未涵盖)。这套工具是交付工作包AIMS的基础。这一分析将在案例历史网站的基础上进行，使用东区目前都是“活的”的开发网站，每个网站代表不同的可持续发展概念。这提供了一个独特的机会来评估在规划和设计阶段对可持续性的早期思考的具体影响，以及这种时机和路径依赖对最终建成形式的可持续性表现的影响。

The aim of the Sustainable Eastside Project is to explore how sustainability is addressed in the regeneration decision-making process, and to assess the sustainability performance of completed development schemes in Birmingham Eastside against stated sustainability credentials and aspirations. The incorporation of sustainability into an urban regeneration program, such as Birmingham Eastside, appears best conceptualised as a complex decision-making process carried out by stakeholders who are embedded within the development process. The barriers to and enablers of sustainability (as identified in Phase I of this project) appear at various moments or locations within this complex. The timing and context of decisions are critical (examined in Phase II), and can cause path-dependency which then limits how sustainability features in final development plans. In Phases I & II, the research set in place a framework of cross-disciplinary knowledge and key partnerships; highlighted the importance of coherent integration of the three pillars of sustainability to enable the complexity of achieving urban sustainability to be sufficiently grappled with; gained access to key decision-making forums in Eastside; built strong links with key stakeholders in the area; and firmly integrated into the policy agenda for Eastside. In addition, researchers are working to establish a cross-cutting baseline dataset of developments in Eastside rigorously to measure change over time and the impact of particular decisions on the sustainability of the overall urban regeneration programme. In so doing the foundations for a zonal urban regeneration case study site are being established, augmented by the creation of a study facility, with library and hot desking, now available for researchers from SUE / IEP consortia, to study the application of research to practice. The emerging findings of Phase II have allowed researchers to develop a series of hypotheses about the timing of decisions for sustainability in a range of decision-making forums, and the extent to which path-dependency becomes problematic. In Phase III, a suite of innovative analytical tools will be employed to elucidate further the complexities and interactions of the key elements of the sustainability vision for Eastside. First, a Development Timeline Framework (DTF), a multi-disciplinary tool that makes explicit the path dependency of decisions toward achieving sustainability goals, and the conflicts and synergies between different sustainability objectives, will be used as the basis for further research. Second, a cross-cutting Sustainability Checklist (SC) applied to the DTF will allow each researcher to analyse the impact of timing and context of decisions for each sustainability element (e.g. biodiversity, public participation, space utilisation, local sourcing, and recycling). Third, an Industrial Ecology (IE) analysis will follow particular resources (e.g. water, aggregates) thus highlighting their interdependence, while a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) approach will enable assessment of the socio-cultural aspects of sustainability (not covered by the IE approach). This suite of tools underpins the delivery of the work package aims. This analysis will be undertaken on a case history site basis, using development sites within Eastside that are all currently 'live,' each site representing a different conceptualisation of sustainability. This provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the specific impact of early thinking about sustainability in the planning and design stages, and the impact of this timing and path-dependency on sustainability performance in the final built form.