Novel Risk Factors for Kidney Stone Formation

描述（由申请人提供）： 博士埃里克·N泰勒希望成为一名医生，科学家谁将作出实质性的，持久的贡献，照顾肾病患者。泰勒发展以下先决条件成功的职业生涯作为一个独立的临床研究者：1）在生物统计学和流行病学的先进技能; 2）保护时间追求重点研究计划;和3）密切，长期指导经验丰富，成功的临床研究者。 博士泰勒的研究兴趣是肾结石，这是一种常见的，昂贵的，痛苦的疾病。该提案的目标是解决营养和肾结石领域的争议，并确定新的生活方式，激素和遗传因素对肾结石形成的影响。使用前瞻性研究设计，他将在三个大型队列中检查特定饮食和生活方式因素与症状性肾结石形成风险之间的关联：卫生专业人员随访研究（N= 51，000男性），护士健康研究I（N= 121，000老年女性）和护士健康研究II（N= 116，000年轻女性）。这些因素包括草酸盐、非乳制品钙和植酸盐的饮食摄入，以及非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）的使用。此外，他将研究胰岛素抵抗（通过空腹血浆胰岛素水平评估）与肾结石形成风险之间的关系，采用嵌套病例对照设计（N=1500）。他还将研究维生素D受体和钙敏感受体基因的特异性多态性与肾结石发病风险之间的关系（N=3000）。最后，他将研究这些遗传多态性对24小时尿钙排泄的影响（N=1500）。 总的来说，泰勒博士预计，他的研究将导致更好的战略，以防止结石病。除了为泰勒博士提供一个独特的机会，在肾结石形成的风险因素研究方面发展经验和专业知识外，职业发展奖还将使他精通先进的流行病学和分析技术。在这个职业发展奖完成后，泰勒博士将拥有独特的技能和经验，使他能够成功地作为一个独立的临床研究者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dr. Eric N. Taylor hopes to become a physician-scientist who will make substantial, lasting contributions to the care of patients with renal disease. A mentored career development award will allow Dr. Taylor to develop the following prerequisites for a successful career as an independent clinical investigator: 1) advanced skills in biostatistics and epidemiology; 2) protected time to pursue a focused research program; and 3) close, long-term mentorship by experienced, successful clinical investigators. Dr. Taylor's research interest is nephrolithiasis, which is a common, costly, and painful disease. The goals of this proposal are to resolve controversies in the field of nutrition and nephrolithiasis and to identify novel lifestyle, hormonal, and genetic risk factors for kidney stone formation. Using a prospective study design, he will examine the association between specific dietary and lifestyle factors and the risk of symptomatic kidney stone formation in three large cohorts: the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (N=51,000 men), the Nurses' Health Study I (N= 121,000 older women), and the Nurses' Health Study II (N=116,000 younger women). These factors include the dietary intake of oxalate, non-dairy calcium, and phytate, and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In addition, he will study the relation between insulin resistance, as assessed by fasting levels of plasma insulin, and the risk of kidney stone formation using a nested case-control design (N=1500). He also will examine the association between specific polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor and the calcium-sensing receptor genes and the risk of incident nephrolithiasis (N=3000). Finally, he will examine the effect of these genetic polymorphisms on the 24-hour urinary excretion of calcium (N=1500). Overall, Dr. Taylor anticipates that his research will result in better strategies to prevent stone disease. In addition to providing Dr. Taylor a unique opportunity to develop experience and expertise in the study of risk factors for kidney stone formation, the career development award will allow him to become proficient with advanced epidemiologic and analytic techniques. At the completion of this career development award, Dr. Taylor will have a unique combination of skills and experience that will enable him to succeed as an independent clinical investigator.