CONSTRUCTION OF A CHIMPANZEE GENETIC MAP FOR CHROMOSOME 20

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 进化是一个基本的生物学过程，我们对它的了解仍然很少，特别是在灵长类动物中。了解重组过程对于人类疾病基因的识别以及更广泛地对人类和灵长类动物的进化推断具有实际重要性。大规模的重组率可以通过比较物理和遗传图谱来估计，虽然我们现在有一个完整的黑猩猩基因组草图，但对这个物种的遗传图谱知之甚少。 为了给黑猩猩的一条染色体绘制出第一张遗传图谱，并将其与物理图谱进行比较，我们启动了一个大规模的合作项目，包括来自美国和欧洲的科学家，以及来自主要黑猩猩饲养设施的科学家。 我们正在解决一些热门问题，包括：如何重组率变化沿着染色体和男性和女性之间？人类和黑猩猩的死亡率有多相似？ 我们的目标是使用定制设计的Nimblegen阵列对基因组中超过80，000个单核苷酸多态性进行基因分型，使我们能够以非常高的空间分辨率推断重组位置。作为一个试点项目，我们已经重新测序扩增子在32个无关的黑猩猩的假常染色体区域，以推断精细规模的重组率从连锁不平衡数据。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Recombination is a fundamental biological process about which we still know very little, especially in primates. Understanding the recombination process is of practical importance for the identification of disease genes in humans, as well as for evolutionary inference about humans and primates more generally. Large-scale recombination rates can be estimated by comparing physical and genetic maps, and while we now have a draft of the complete chimpanzee genome, very little is known about the genetic map for this species. In an effort to create a first genetic map for one chimpanzee chromosome and compare it to the physical map, we started a large scale collaborative program, involving scientists from the U.S. and Europe, and from the major chimpanzee holding facilities. We are addressing a number of topical questions, including: How do recombination rates vary along the chromosome and between males and females? How similar are rates between humans and chimpanzees? Our goal is to genotype over 80,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms across the genome using a custom-design Nimblegen array, allowing us to infer recombination locations with very high spatial resolution. As a pilot project, we have resequenced amplicons across the pseudo-autosomal regions in 32 unrelated chimpanzees, in order to infer fine-scale recombination rates from linkage disequilibrium data.