IMAGING OPERATED AND UNOPERATED HUMAN PARANASAL SINUSES

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目及 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 鼻窦炎是一种影响鼻旁窦的炎症性疾病，影响着3300万美国人。 一些研究估计，美国人每年有多达一人患有鼻窦炎。病因 鼻窦炎的发病率仍然难以捉摸，有证据表明，多种因素有助于 慢性鼻窦炎的发展。我们假设慢性鼻窦炎的一个子集是介导的， 通过暴露于空气过敏原和引起炎症的颗粒物质。早些时候我们展示了 超极化氦-3 MRI显示，开口大小显著影响 鼻腔和副鼻窦和小孔手术可能是首选 鼻窦疾病的种类。最初我们认为小孔极限的气体交换 仅由扩散过程介导，随着孔尺寸增加，压力引起的气流变得 占主导地位。我们对体模样本进行了计算流体动力学模拟来测试这一点 假说.看来，即使在小孔尺寸球流发生，这可能会增加气体 在一定的几何条件下进行交换。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Sinusitis, an inflammatory disease that affects the paranasal sinuses affects 33 million Americans. Some studies estimate that up to one in Americans will suffer from sinusitis per year. The etiology of sinusitis remains elusive and there is evidence to suggest that the multiple factors contribute to the development of chronic sinusitis. We hypothesize that a subset of chronic sinusitis is mediated by exposure to aeroallergens and inflammatory inducing particulate matter. Earlier we showed with hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI that the opening size significantly affected gas exchanged between the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and that small hole surgery may be preferable in patients with the class of sinus disease. Initially we thought that gas exchange in the small hole limit was mediated solely by the diffusion process, as hole size increased pressure induced airflow becomes dominant. We performed computation fluid dynamic simulation on phantom samples to test this hypothesis. It appears that even at small hole sizes ball flow occurs which may increase gas exchange under certain geometries.