Symptoms and Structure of Inhalant Use Disorders

描述（由主要研究者提供）：吸入剂是一个严重的公共卫生问题。它们是最常见和最有害的药物使用形式，也是主要药物中研究最少的。吸入使用与有害后果相关联，这些后果相当于或超过其他滥用药物的特征。它们不成比例地影响到弱势群体，包括穷人、特定少数群体、精神病患者以及涉及少年和刑事司法系统的人。吸入剂可能导致“嗅死”和严重事故。关于吸入剂使用障碍的研究非常少，这也反映在DSM-IV中对吸入剂使用障碍的描述很少。最近的研究结果提出了关于DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的可靠性和有效性的问题，表明需要进一步研究吸入剂使用问题的维度和吸入剂使用障碍的关键体征和症状，包括耐受性和戒断。这些信息对于开发临床上有用的诊断和评估工具、了解吸入剂使用者的各种治疗需求以及开发循证治疗方法都是必要的。鉴于缺乏对吸入剂使用障碍的循证治疗，其重要性有所提高。这项拟议中的研究将有助于利用国家酒精和相关疾病流行病学调查（NESARC）的数据来解决这些知识差距。NESARC是美国18岁及以上居民的全国代表性调查，是最大的（N= 43，093）和最近完成的精神病学流行病学研究之一。该数据源包含DSM-IV关于吸入剂相关体征/症状和疾病的一致性数据，以及轴I和轴II精神疾病，用于吸入剂使用者的最大社区样本之一。本研究将检查吸入剂症状的患病率、相关性和意义;测试DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的潜在结构;并检查吸入剂使用障碍的诊断孤儿和替代症状配置。 公共卫生相关性：本研究检查了与使用吸入剂相关的体征和症状。本研究的目的是更好地了解吸入剂使用障碍的过程，长期目标是改善评估和治疗。

DESCRIPTION (provided by principal investigator): Inhalants are a serious public health concern. They are among the most common and pernicious forms of substance use and the least studied of the major drugs. Inhalant use is associated with harmful outcomes that rival or exceed those characteristic of other drugs of abuse. They disproportionately affect vulnerable subpopulations including the poor, select minority groups, the mentally ill, and persons involved with the juvenile and criminal justice systems. Inhalants can lead to "sudden sniffing death" and serious accidents. Very little research on inhalant use disorders exists, which is also reflected in minimal description of inhalant use disorders in the DSM-IV. Recent findings have raised questions about the reliability and validity of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders, indicating that further research is needed regarding the dimensionality of problematic inhalant use and key signs and symptoms of inhalant use disorders, including tolerance and withdrawal. This information is necessary to inform the development of clinically useful diagnostic and assessment tools, understand the full range of treatment needs of inhalant users, and to develop evidence-based treatments. The importance is elevated in light of the absence of evidenced-based treatments for inhalant use disorders. The proposed research will help address these gaps in knowledge using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). NESARC is a nationally representative survey of U.S. residents 18 and older and is among the largest (N= 43,093) and most recently completed psychiatric epidemiological studies. This data source contains DSM-IV concordant data on inhalant-related signs/symptoms and disorders, in addition to Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders, for one of the largest community based samples of inhalant users. This study will examine the prevalence, associations, and significance of inhalant symptoms; test the latent structure of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders; and examine diagnostic orphans and alternate symptom configurations of inhalant use disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study examines the signs and symptoms associated with using inhalants. The purpose of this study is to better understand the course of inhalant use disorders, with a long-term goal of improving assessment and treatment.