Incorporating vertical disparity into computational models of depth perception

我们的双眼为我们提供了两扇略有不同的世界之窗。我们的大脑将这些结合在一起，让我们对世界有一个统一的看法，同时利用它们之间的细微差异，在3D中赋予我们丰富的世界感知。了解这个过程将让我们更多地了解总体上的感知，并建议我们未来如何能够帮助这个过程失败的人，例如斜视。我们的大脑已经开发出非常精确的电路来控制眼睛的运动，以确保两只眼睛总是看着相同的东西，并最大限度地减少图像之间的任何垂直偏移。当我们直视前方时，两只眼睛的图像只有水平偏移量不同，反映了我们眼睛的水平位移。然而，当我们在视觉场景中移动眼睛时，微小的垂直差异是不可避免的。根据眼睛目前的位置，我们的大脑能预测预期的垂直差异吗？或者它只是允许一定的范围，将垂直差异视为系统中的噪声？答案将帮助我们理解复杂的计算，这些计算支撑着我们毫不费力的感知。

Our two eyes provide us with two slightly different windows on the world. Our brains combine these to give us a unified view of the world, while using the subtle differences between them to impart a rich perception of the world in 3D. Understanding this process will tell us more about perception in general, as well as suggesting how we might in future be able to help people in whom this process has failed, for example in squint. Our brains have developed very precise circuitry for controlling eye movements, in order to ensure that both eyes always look at the same thing and in order to minimise any vertical offsets between the images. When we look straight ahead, the two eye’s images differ only by horizontal offsets, reflecting the horizontal displacement of our eyes. However, when we move our eyes around a visual scene, small vertical disparities are inevitable. Does our brain predict the expected vertical disparities, given the current position of the eyes? Or does it simply allow for some range, treating vertical disparities as noise in the system? The answer will help us understand the sophisticated computations which underlie our effortless perception.