PROJ 1: UPR: 3 COHORTS OF WOMEN AT RISK OF HIV

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 具体目标和结果 1.0验证和在文化上适应“拉美裔/拉丁裔尊重”，这是一种新开发的艾滋病毒和性传播感染(STI)风险降低干预措施。这项干预是基于疾病控制中心(CDC)开发的一项研究--REPORT-2。这项研究将快速艾滋病毒检测作为其模型的一部分，在一次访问中检查了检测前和检测后咨询的有效性。 1.1对来自3个不同人群的妇女进行干预：街头性工作者和/或吸毒者(高危)；从性传播感染诊所转诊的妇女(中危)；以及去计划生育诊所的妇女(低危)。 1.2从社会人口和经济地位、一般健康和生活方式、性行为、虐待儿童和/或家庭暴力史、抑郁症状和健康信念等方面说明这三个群体的特征。 1.3确定三个队列中艾滋病毒、淋病和衣原体的患病率和患病率。 2.0证明利用OraQuick Advance快速艾滋病毒-1抗体检测作为艾滋病毒筛查和预防战略的“拉美裔/拉丁裔尊重”的有效性。 意义 这项研究使用的是HIV快速检测，这是一项新技术。将这一工具纳入其当前做法的干预措施至关重要。除了考试本身，考试前和考试后的咨询也在同一时段提供，从而减少了参与者等待考试结果的时间和焦虑。现有的干预措施为适用于特定少数群体提供了框架和经验；然而，在文化上调整手段对于确保有效性至关重要。 许多旨在降低艾滋病毒风险的行为干预和咨询已被证明在不同人群中有效。由美国疾病控制与预防中心为讲英语的人口制定的尊重-2干预措施被翻译成西班牙语，并在文化上适应波多黎各人口。尊重-2使用快速艾滋病毒检测来减少时间和就诊次数。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Specific Aims and Results 1.0 To validate and culturally adapt the "Hispanic/Latino RESPECT", a newly developed HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk-reduction intervention. This intervention is based on the RESPECT-2, which is a study developed by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Incorporating the rapid HIV test as part of its model, this study examined the effectiveness of pre- and post-test counseling in one visit. 1.1 To administer the intervention to women from 3 different cohorts: street sex workers and/or crack users (high risk); women referred from a sexually transmitted infection clinic (intermediate risk); and women who go to a family planning clinic (low risk). 1.2 To characterize the three groups in terms of sociodemographic and economic status, general health and lifestyle, sexual practices, the presence of a history of child abuse and/or domestic violence, depression symptoms, and health beliefs. 1.3 To determine the prevalence and incidence of HIV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia incidence and prevalence in the three cohorts. 2.0 To demonstrate the effectiveness of the "Hispanic/Latino RESPECT" utilizing the OraQuick Advance Rapid HIV-1 Antibody Test as an HIV screening and prevention strategy. Significance This study uses the rapid HIV test, which is a new technology. Interventions that incorporate this tool into their current practices are essential. Along with the testing itself, pre- and post-test counseling are provided at the same session, thus reducing the time and anxiety for a participant to wait for the test results. Existing interventions provide the framework and experience for the application to specific minority populations; however, culturally adapting instruments is essential to ensure effectiveness. Many behavioral interventions and counseling's that are intended to reduce HIV risk have proven to be effective in diverse populations. The RESPECT-2 intervention, developed by the CDC for English-speaking populations, was translated into Spanish and culturally adapted to the Puerto Rican population. The RESPECT-2 uses the rapid HIV test to reduce the time and number of visits.