Cognitive Speed of Processing Training Among Persons with Parkinson?s Disease

描述（由申请人提供）：帕金森病（PD）影响美国约100万人。除了典型的运动功能障碍外，PD还影响认知和视力，即使在疾病的早期阶段，也会损害日常生活的工具性活动，如驾驶。认知处理速度降低或智力迟钝，强烈有助于PD的认知下降。最近的研究表明，干预措施可以提高认知处理速度，防止进一步的认知下降，并改善相对健康的老年人的日常功能。然而，这种训练技术在具有不同疾病状态（如PD）的亚群中增强认知功能的潜力尚未得到彻底研究。这项拟议的研究将进一步研究可行性，并测试一种成熟的认知训练工具在未被诊断患有痴呆症的早期PD患者中的疗效。已发现多种因素影响PD患者的认知表现，并可能影响他们从认知训练中获益的能力，如发病年龄、疾病持续时间、表现、严重程度和药物使用以及伴随的抑郁。这些因素沿着人口统计学变量将作为培训获益的调节因子进行评价。将在75名PD患者中完成基线认知评估，这些患者将被随机分配至认知训练组或治疗延迟对照组。将通过培训后（或同等延迟）评估评估培训对立即增强认知功能的疗效。疾病和人口统计学因素，可能会影响认知训练的效率与PD的人将检查有关的培训收益。考虑到PD患者的认知功能是日常功能和后续长期护理需求的强有力预测因素，通过训练增强PD患者的认知功能具有延长这些人的生产力，独立性和生活质量的巨大潜力。从本研究中获得的信息将有助于识别最有可能从认知训练中受益的PD患者，以及为该人群制定、完善和实施适当的认知干预措施。公共卫生相关性：帕金森病影响了美国约100万人。这项拟议的研究将初步测试帕金森病患者使用认知处理速度训练来改善认知功能的可行性。通过训练增强帕金森病患者的认知功能，对延长这些人的生产力、独立性和生活质量具有巨大的潜力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Parkinson's Disease (PD) affects about 1 million individuals in the United States. In addition to the typical motor dysfunction, PD also affects cognition and vision, even in early stages of the disease, impairing instrumental activities of daily living such as driving. Reduced cognitive speed of processing, or bradyphrenia, strongly contributes to cognitive decline in PD. Recent research has demonstrated that interventions can enhance cognitive speed of processing, protect against further cognitive decline, and improve the everyday functioning of relatively healthy, older adults. However, the potential of such training techniques to enhance cognitive functions among subpopulations with different disease states, such as PD, has not been thoroughly investigated. The proposed study will further examine the feasibility and test the efficacy of a well-established cognitive training tool among individuals in the early stages of PD who have not been diagnosed with dementia. A variety of factors have been found to influence cognitive performance among persons with PD and may moderate their ability to benefit from cognitive training such as age at disease onset, disease duration, manifestiation, severity, and medication use as well as concomitant depression. These factors along with demographic variables will be evaluated as moderators of training benefit. Baseline cognitive assessments will be completed among seventy-five individuals with PD who will be randomized to cognitive training or a treatment-delayed control condition. The efficacy of training to immediately enhance cognitive functioning will be evaulated through a post-training (or equivalent delay) assessment. Disease and demographic factors that may impact the efficiacy of cognitive training for persons with PD will be examined in relation to training gains. Considering that cognitive function among individuals with PD is a strong predictor of everyday functioning and subsequent need for long term care, enhancing cognitive function of individuals with PD through training has great potential to prolong such persons' productivity, independence, and quality of life. The information gained from this study will be useful for identifying individuals with PD who are most likely to benefit from cognitive training as well as the development, refinement, and implementation of appropriate cognitive interventions for this population. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Parkinson's disease affects about 1 million individuals in the United States. The proposed study will pilot test the feasibility of using cognitive speed of processing training among persons with Parkinson's disease to improve cognitive functioning. Enhancing cognitive function of individuals with Parkinson's disease through training has great potential to prolong such persons' productivity, independence, and quality of life.