Mechanisms that Regulate Thymic Involution and Age-Associated Changes in T-Cells

胸腺功能随年龄增长而丧失可能是由于T细胞祖细胞数量减少和胸腺微环境中关键介质的丧失。为了评估与这种损失相关的分子变化，我们检查了不同性别和热量限制（CR）与随意（AL）饮食的逐渐老化小鼠胸腺的转录组。在胸腺衰老过程中，参与各种生物和分子过程的基因，包括转录调节因子、应激反应、炎症和免疫功能，都发生了显著变化。这些差异取决于性别和饮食等变量。有趣的是，许多与胸腺衰老相关的变化在热量限制饮食的小鼠中要么被抑制，要么几乎完全逆转。这些研究提供了有价值的深入了解与胸腺老化的分子机制，并强调需要考虑生物变量，如性别和饮食时，阐明基因组相关性，影响负责胸腺退化的分子途径。此外，这些结果强调需要考虑生物学变量，如性别和饮食的相互作用，以阐明基因组的相关性，影响负责胸腺退化的分子途径。我们目前也正在完成对这些数据的分析和确认，这些数据来自于注入各种激素的不同年龄的小鼠，这些激素导致胸腺细胞数量的部分恢复。这种治疗小鼠胸腺的阵列分析可能会产生有价值的数据，胸腺再生的共同分子过程。目前还不清楚某些淋巴器官或细胞成分是否在长寿和寿命中发挥关键作用。该项目的总体目标是在衰老过程中产生胸腺，脾脏和淋巴结中的全面基因表达谱，以识别在这些不同器官系统中以年龄依赖性方式表达的独特和常见基因以及功能相关的基因组。我们最初将我们的努力集中在胸腺上，因为它的退化被认为是解决与衰老相关的免疫缺陷的最重要的障碍之一。

The loss of thymic function with age may be due to diminished numbers of T-cell progenitors and the loss of critical mediators within the thymic microenvironment. To assess the molecular changes associated with this loss, we examined transcriptomes of progressively aging mouse thymi, of different sexes and on caloric-restricted (CR) vs. ad libitum (AL) diets. Genes involved in various biological and molecular processes including transcriptional regulators, stress response, inflammation and immune function significantly changed during thymic aging. These differences depended on variables such as sex and diet. Interestingly, many changes associated with thymic aging are either muted or almost completely reversed in mice on caloric-restricted diets. These studies provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanisms associated with thymic aging and emphasize the need to account for biological variables such as sex and diet when elucidating the genomic correlates that influence the molecular pathways responsible for thymic involution. Moreover, these results emphasize the need to account for biological variables such as sex and dietary interactions to elucidate the genomic correlates that influence the molecular pathways responsible for thymic involution. We are also currently completing the analysis and confirmation of these data from mice of various ages infused with various hormones that result in a partial restoration in thymocyte numbers. Array analysis of the thymi of such treated mice may yield valuable data on the common molecular processes involved in thymic regeneration. It is unclear whether certain lymphoid organs or cellular components play a critical role in longevity and lifespan. The overall goal of this project is to produce a comprehensive gene expression profile in the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes during the aging process to identify unique and common genes and functionally related groups of genes that are expressed in age-dependent manner in these different organ systems. We have initially focused our efforts on the thymus, as its involution is believed to be one of the most significant obstacles to overcome in addressing the immunological deficits associated with aging.