Canada's contribution to Advanced Plasma Wake-field Acceleration Experiment at CERN

这项提议寻求资金，以允许加拿大继续为高级尾场实验(Awake)合作做出贡献，这是一项由CERN SPS同步加速器的质子束驱动的等离子体尾场加速实验，这是世界上第一个此类实验。随着现有的大型加速器在技术和经济上都接近极限，探索宇宙更精细结构的下一代实验必须寻找新的方案来产生粒子束，例如通过等离子体中诱导的尾流场来加速粒子。在欧洲核子研究中心建立了测试设施，在等离子体尾波场加速项目中选择质子作为驱动粒子，这一合作是独一无二的。这项成立于2013年的合作是一项原则验证实验，已经产生了大量成果。实验的第一轮发现了SPS质子束的自调制和外部注入电子的加速。TRIUMF于2014年加入觉醒合作，并为实验的成功做出了重大贡献。实验计划于2021年恢复，运行2次，并将延长至2028年以后。第二次运行的结果将允许觉醒合作小组考虑将实验方案首次应用于高能物理。目前正在进行必要的研发活动和工程设计，以执行协作框架确定的任务。束流诊断在唤醒计划中起着至关重要的作用。为了实验的成功，所有三束质子、电子和激光都必须在空间和时间上彼此之间有明确的定义和可控的关系。在运行1期间遇到的主要问题之一是电子束轨迹及其相对于质子束的位置的稳定性。在质子发出两个数量级更强的信号的情况下，测量电子位置是极其困难的。目前，正在开发一种在微波区运行的新的位置监测系统来执行这项任务。虽然监测器本身是由CERN团队设计的，但高频信号处理电子设备预计将由TRIUMF开发。在TRIUMF为RUN 1开发的诊断成功之后，该合作请求TRIUMF小组为Run 2开发新的束流位置监测系统。在该提案中，我们请求资金设计和建造两个微波束流位置监测器的数据采集系统，这对Awak实验的进一步成功至关重要(40.6k美元)，并开发将实验扩展到Run 2配置所需的新的束流位置电子设备的原型(21.7k美元)。该提案将支持现有的SAP项目，该项目将使TRIUMF能够继续履行其在唤醒合作框架内的义务。

This proposal seeks funding to allow Canada to continue its contribution to the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE) collaboration, a plasma wakefield acceleration experiment, driven by the proton beam from the CERN SPS synchrotron, the first of its kind world-wide. As existing large scale accelerators come closer to the limit both technologically and financially, the next generation of experiments probing ever finer structure of the universe must look for new schemes to produce particle beams, such as particle acceleration by induced wakefields in plasmas. The AWAKE collaboration, with test facilities taking shape at CERN, is unique among plasma wakefield acceleration projects in its selection of protons as driving particles. The collaboration formed in 2013 as a proof-of-principle experiment has already produced a wealth of results. Run 1 of the experiment yielded the discovery of Self-Modulation of the SPS proton bunch and acceleration of externally injected electrons. TRIUMF joined the AWAKE collaboration in 2014 and made its significant contribution to the success of the experiment. The experimental program resumed in 2021 with the Run 2 and will extend beyond 2028. The results of Run 2 will allow the AWAKE collaboration to contemplate first applications of the experimental scheme to high-energy physics. The required R&D activities and engineering design are currently underway to perform the tasks defined by the collaboration framework. Beam diagnostics plays an essential role in the AWAKE project. For the success of the experiment all three beams of proton, electron and laser, have to be in well-defined and controllable relations to each other in space and in time. One of the major problems encountered during Run 1 was the stability of the electron beam trajectory and its position relative to proton bunches. Electron position measurements in the presence of a two order of magnitude stronger signal from protons are extremely difficult. Presently the work is in progress to develop a novel position monitoring system operating in the microwave region to perform this task. While the monitor itself is designed by the CERN team, the high frequency signal processing electronics is expected to be developed by TRIUMF. Following the success of TRIUMF developed diagnostics for the Run 1, the collaboration requested the TRIUMF group to develop new beam position monitoring system for the Run 2. In this proposal we request funds to design and construct two data acquisition systems for microwave beam position monitors critical for further success of the AWAKE experiment ($40.6k) and to develop a prototype of new beam position electronics required for expanding the experiment to the Run 2 configuration ($21.7k). The proposal will support the existing SAP project which and will allow TRIUMF to continue fulfilling its obligations in the framework of the AWAKE collaboration.