Cognitive bases of schizophrenic language symptoms

描述（由申请人提供）：此修订提案是关于精神分裂症言语障碍的R01项目的延续。拟建项目的目的是：(1)证实从沟通角度测量语言障碍时，基本神经认知过程的损伤与语言障碍的关系比从形式思维障碍或语言结构角度测量语言障碍时更为密切；(2)复制、扩展和完善特定神经认知障碍对特定类型沟通失败的独特和综合贡献的研究结果；(3)检验关联度和“心理理论”这两个社会认知变量对患者言语交际效果的额外贡献；(4)评估每种特定类型的言语障碍与社会和职业功能缺陷的关联程度；(5)对认知、社会认知和言语变量之间关联的诊断特异性进行检验。我们将评估120名精神分裂症患者和30名躁狂对照者的多个特定领域的认知、社会认知和社会/职业功能。我们会收集来自同一对象的语音样本，并分析他们的几种不同类型的障碍。我们将确定哪种类型的语言障碍与社会/职业功能障碍的关系最为密切。我们将研究神经认知和社会认知测量之间的关系，并评估它们对不同类型语言障碍的独立和共同贡献，仔细控制广义缺陷效应。这个项目可以帮助(a)确定哪些类型的语言障碍是最不利于社交的，以及(b)进一步明确不同形式的语言障碍背后的异常过程。这将为言语症状的影像学研究提供更具体、更集中的目标。它还会有更直接的实际好处：语言障碍会给成功的社交和职业功能造成实质性障碍。更好地了解其认知和社会认知基础，可以确定具体的、可行的药理学和社会心理干预目标，旨在提高患者的沟通能力，从而改善他们的生活。将考虑如何将本研究的发现转化为可行的干预措施，以提高患者的沟通能力，这可以在未来的研究中进行测试。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revised proposal is for continuation of an R01 project on schizophrenic disordered speech. Aims of the proposed project are to (1) confirm that impairments in basic neurocognitive processes are more highly associated with disordered speech when the speech disorder is measured from a communication perspective than when it is measured from a formal thought disorder or linguistic structural perspective; (2) replicate, extend, and refine findings on the unique and combined contributions of specific neurocognitive impairments to specific types of communication failures; (3) test the additional contributions of two social cognitive variables, relatedness and "theory of mind", to the communicative efficacy of patients' speech; (4) assess the degree to which each specific type of speech disorder is associated with deficits in social and vocational functioning; and (5) test for diagnostic specificity of the associations between the cognitive, social cognitive, and speech variables. We would assess multiple specified areas of cognitive, social cognitive, and social/ vocational functioning in 120 schizophrenia patients and 30 manic controls. We would collect speech samples from the same subjects, and analyze them for disorder of several different types. We would determine which types of speech disorder were most highly related to social/vocational dysfunction. We would examine the relationships between the neurocognitive and social cognitive measures, and assess their independent and shared contributions to the different types of speech disorder, controlling carefully for generalized deficit effects. This project could help to (a) identify which types of speech disorder are most disabling socially, and (b) further specify the abnormal processes underlying different forms of speech disorder. This would provide more specific, focused targets for imaging studies of speech symptoms. It also would have more immediate practical benefits: Disordered speech creates a substantial barrier to successful social and vocational functioning. A better understanding of its cognitive and social cognitive underpinnings could lead to the identification of specific, workable targets for pharmacological and psychosocial interventions designed to improve patients' communicative abilities and thereby improve their lives. Consideration would be given to ways of translating the findings of this study into workable interventions to improve patients' ability to communicate, which could be tested in future studies.