Improving Older Adults' E-Health Literacy With Collaborative Versus Individualist

描述(由申请人提供)：健康素养对于我们快速老龄化的人口来说是一个关键问题(Kutner，Greenberg，jin，&Paulsen，2006)。在这项干预研究中，我们进行了旨在提高老年人的电子健康素养的实验，即“从电子来源寻找、发现、理解和评估健康信息并将所获得的知识应用于解决或解决健康问题的能力”(Norman&Skinner，2006b)。我们的实验重点是培训老年人--他们可能或多或少有过计算机经验--使用NIH在线资源获得可靠的健康信息。将测试两种学习条件：个人主义学习，即学生向教师学习，并单独努力实现学习目标，很少或根本不与其他学生互动；以及合作学习，即学生向教师和其他学生学习，并以小组形式朝着共同目标工作(Johnson，Johnson，&Smith，1998)。这项为期3年的R01研究非常符合这一筹资机制(PAR-07-020)的范围，因为它涉及1)健康素养的一个重要组成部分--电子健康素养--作为一项关键成果，以及2)制定和评估侧重于电子健康素养的干预战略。这项研究的主要目标是促进关于老年人学习的理论，特别是在电子健康扫盲领域。具体目标是：目标1：确定协作学习和个人主义学习对老年人电子健康素养的影响目标2：基于先前的计算机经验，促进关于协作学习和个人学习的影响如何与异质和同质小组组成的影响相互作用的理论发展目标3：探索训练期后协作学习和个人学习的纵向影响实验是3×2×3的混合析因设计，小组组成基于先前的计算机经验(有经验的；新的；混合的)和学习方法(协作；个性化学习)作为参与者之间的变量和测量时间(前；后；6个月随访期)作为受试者内部变量。这项实验性研究的教学任务将包括使用NIA开发的课程进行为期四周的培训，以学习使用NIHSeniorHealth.gov和MedlinePlus.gov网站获取可靠的健康信息。这项研究将在公共图书馆进行。通过利用完善的公共图书馆基础设施和NIH在线资源，这项干预研究具有巨大的扩大潜力和重大的社会和经济意义。 公共卫生相关性声明：在这项干预研究中，我们进行了旨在提高老年人电子健康素养的实验，即“从电子来源寻找、发现、理解和评估健康信息并将所获得的知识应用于解决或解决健康问题的能力”(Norman&Skinner，2006b)。我们的实验将在公共图书馆进行，重点是培训老年人使用NIH在线资源获取可靠的健康信息。通过利用完善的公共图书馆基础设施和丰富的NIH在线资源，这项健康素养干预研究具有巨大的扩大潜力和重大的社会和经济意义。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health literacy is a critical issue for our rapidly aging population (Kutner, Greenberg, Jin, & Paulsen, 2006). In this intervention research, we conduct experiments that aim to improve older adults' e-health literacy or "the ability to seek, find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources and apply the knowledge gained to addressing or solving a health problem" (Norman & Skinner, 2006b). Our experiments focus on training older adults - who may have more or less prior computer experience - to use NIH online resources for reliable health information. Two learning conditions will be tested: individualistic learning where students learn from an instructor and work individually toward learning goals with little or no interaction with other students, and collaborative learning where students learn from both an instructor and other students and work in small groups toward common goals (Johnson, Johnson, & Smith, 1998). This 3-year R01 research fits well within the scope of this funding mechanism (PAR-07-020) because it involves 1) an important component of health literacy - e-health literacy - as a key outcome, and 2) the development and evaluation of intervention strategies that focus on e-health literacy. The primary goal of this research is to advance theories about older adult learning particularly in the e-health literacy area. Specific aims are: Aim 1: Determine the effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning on older adults' e-health literacy Aim 2: Contribute to developing theory about how the effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning interact with those of heterogeneous versus homogeneous group composition based on prior computer experience Aim 3: Explore the longitudinal effects of collaborative versus individualistic learning beyond the training period The experiment is a 3 x 2 x 3 mixed factorial design, with group composition based on prior computer experience (experienced; new; mixed) and learning method (collaborative; individualistic learning) as the between-participant variables and time of measurement (pre; post; 6-month follow-up) as the within- participant variable. The instructional task of this experimental study will involve four weeks of training using the curriculum developed by NIA to learn to use the NIHSeniorHealth.gov and MedlinePlus.gov Web sites to access reliable health information. This study will be conducted in public libraries. By tapping into the well- established public library infrastructure and NIH online resources, this intervention research has great potential for scaling-up and significant social and economic implications. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE STATEMENT: In this intervention research, we conduct experiments that aim to improve older adults' e-health literacy or "the ability to seek, find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources and apply the knowledge gained to addressing or solving a health problem" (Norman & Skinner, 2006b). Our experiments will be conducted in public libraries and focus on training older adults to use NIH online resources for reliable health information. By tapping into the well-established public library infrastructure and rich NIH online resources, this health literacy intervention research has great potential for scaling-up and significant social and economic implications.