Develop and Test an Online Biohazard Simulator to Train Skilled Support Personnel

描述（由申请人提供）：世界贸易中心的清理工作使全国的注意力集中在对“熟练支持人员”培训不足的问题上，这是职业安全与卫生管理局对被派去支持灾难响应的行业（包括建筑、拆除和运输）工人的术语（Lippy和Murray， 2003）。虽然相关的OSHA标准（29CFR 1910.120）为应急响应人员提供了详细的培训，但对培训熟练支持人员的要求不那么严格，仅侧重于通过最初的现场简报进行意识培训。准备不足对健康的负面影响是深远的。例如，在世贸中心遇袭一年后，2500名接受筛查的工人中有一半以上仍有呼吸道症状。这个项目的重点是生物危害，因为保护不足可能对熟练的支助工作者和广大公众造成灾难性后果。由于熟练的支持人员不经常练习应急响应规程，因此在动员人员支持大规模杀伤性武器事件时，即使定期复习，也不太可能记住一次性培训。因此，该计划将开发一个在线多媒体互动培训应用程序，供熟练的支援人员进行事故前培训和及时参考。这一灾害应对基本培训的补充将侧重于与雾化剂、血液或体液、人际接触或昆虫和动物媒介传播的疾病有关的健康和安全做法。培训内容将包括接触途径和适用疾病、工程和工作惯例控制、个人防护设备和屏障、净化和处置程序以及接触后规程。个案研究将使受训者能够应用他们的知识，针对涉及生物危害的模拟事件制定接触控制计划。在完成核心课程后，参与者将有两次机会与同行和导师联系：一个与产品相关的异步在线讨论论坛，以及虚拟办公时间或网络广播，为讨论和提问提供实时机会。评估将包括一系列课程前和课程后的书面评估和电话访谈，以衡量每个参与者对课程和交付机制的满意度，以及知识收获和在实践中应用知识的信心。只接受在线培训的参与者将与同时接受在线、异步和实时跟踪活动的参与者进行比较。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The World Trade Center clean-up focused national attention on the inadequate training for "skilled support personnel", OSHA's term for workers in trades (including construction, demolition and transportation) deployed to support disaster response (Lippy and Murray, 2003). While the relevant OSHA standard (29CFR 1910.120) provides detailed training for emergency responders, the requirements for training skilled support personnel are less stringent, focusing only on awareness training through an initial on-site briefing. The negative health consequences of inadequate preparation have been profound. For example, one year after the World Trade Center attack, over half of 2500 workers screened were still suffering respiratory symptoms. This project focuses on biological hazards as the consequences of inadequate protection and potentially catastrophic to the skilled support worker as well as the public at large. Since emergency response protocols are not routinely practiced by skilled support personnel, one-shot trainings-even with periodic refreshers-- are unlikely to be remembered at the time personnel are mobilized to support a WMD event. Accordingly, this project will develop an online multi-media, interactive training application available to skilled support personnel for pre-incident training as well as a just-in-time reference. This supplement to basic training in disaster response will focus on health and safety practices relevant to disease transmitted by aerosolized agents, blood or bodily fluids, person-to-person contact, or insect and animal vectors. Training will cover routes of exposure and applicable diseases, engineering and work practice controls, personal protective equipment and barriers, decontamination and disposal procedures, and post-exposure protocols. Case studies will enable trainees to apply their knowledge by developing exposure control plans in response to simulated events involving biological hazards. Following the core curriculum, participants will have two opportunities to connect with peers and instructors: an asynchronous online discussion forum linked to the product and virtual office hours or webcasts geared to provide real-time opportunities for discussion and questions. Evaluation will involve a series of pre- and post- course written evaluations and telephone interviews with each participant to measure satisfaction with the course and delivery mechanisms as well as knowledge gains and confidence about applying knowledge in practice. Participants who receive online training only will be compared to those who receive both online and asynchronous and real time follow-up activities. The application is rated at a priority score level of 47.