Physical Activity Behavior Among Midlife South Asian Indian Immigrants

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目旨在研究具有心血管疾病、糖尿病和中心性肥胖风险的南亚印度（SAI）中年移民的生活方式体育活动行为和体育活动的决定因素/相关因素，包括背景（文化适应、歧视和环境）和个人内在（自我效能感）特征。本研究的目的是：(1)识别SAI移民的生活方式身体活动行为（休闲时间、职业和家庭）；(2)在人口统计学、当前健康状况和社会支持等因素的控制下，考察动态人格特征（克服生活方式体力活动障碍的自我效能感）在静态背景特征与生活方式体力活动行为之间的中介作用。这项研究将解决“2010年健康人”的目标，即将亚洲成年人参加适度体育活动的比例从15%提高到30%，并解决国家护理研究所强调消除健康差距的问题。本研究以《SAI移民身体活动行为框架》（基于社会认知理论和生态模型）为指导，采用横断面、描述性、面对面访谈的调查方式。纳入标准为：出生在印度并移民到美国的SAI移民男性和女性，年龄40 - 65岁，无身体活动障碍。将通过宗教机构、企业、报纸和口头宣传等方式招募110名男性和女性。身体活动将通过自我报告（老年人社区健康活动模式方案[CHAMPS]用于休闲和家庭，Tecumseh职业活动工具用于职业）和在加速计上记录的每周中等/高强度活动的步数和分钟数进行评估。其他措施包括文化适应、歧视、环境（社区意识）、体育活动自我效能、全球健康和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）得分。措施的翻译是通过委员会的方法完成的，然后是焦点小组。为了确保跨文化相关性，进行了有声思考访谈。参与者将佩戴加速度计一周，并通过邮寄的方式归还。将按性别获得所有措施的描述性统计数据。数据分析将基于中介回归模型。该模型将用于解释自我效能感对背景特征（文化适应、歧视和环境）与体育活动之间关系的影响。研究结果将为制定与文化相关的战略提供指导，以增加体育活动和减少SAIs的健康差距。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this project is to examine the lifestyle physical activity behaviors and the determinants/correlates of physical activity, including background (acculturation, discrimination and environment) and intrapersonal (self-efficacy) characteristics in midlife South Asian Indian (SAI) immigrants at risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and central obesity. The study aims are to: (1) identify the lifestyle physical activity behavior (leisure time, occupational and household) of SAI immigrants; (2) examine the mediating effects of the dynamic intrapersonal characteristic (self-efficacy for overcoming barriers to lifestyle physical activity) on the relationship between the static background characteristics and lifestyle physical activity behavior in SAI immigrants, controlling for demographics, current health and social support. This study will address the Healthy People 2010 objective of increasing from 15% to 30% the percentage of Asian adults engaging in moderate physical activity and the National Institute of Nursing Research emphasis on the elimination of health disparities. Guided by the Physical Activity Behavior Framework for SAI Immigrants (based on social cognitive theory and the ecological model), the study design is a cross-sectional, descriptive, face-to-face interview survey. Inclusion criteria are SAI immigrant men and women born in India and immigrated to the U.S., 40 to 65 years of age, without physical activity disability. A sample of 110 men and women will be recruited through SAI religious institutions, businesses, newspapers, and word of mouth. Physical activity will be assessed by self-report (Community Healthy Activity Model Program for Seniors [CHAMPS] for leisure and household, Tecumseh Occupational Activity Instrument for occupational) and weekly steps and minutes in moderate/high-intensity activity registered on an accelerometer. Additional measures include acculturation, discrimination, environment (sense of community), self-efficacy for physical activity, global health, and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) scores. Translation of measures was done by the committee method, followed by focus groups. Think-aloud interviews were conducted to assure cross-cultural relevance. Participants will wear the accelerometer for one week and return it via mail. Descriptive statistics will be obtained for all measures and by gender. The data analysis will be based on the mediating regression model. The model will be used to explain the influence of self-efficacy on the relationship between background characteristics (acculturation, discrimination and environment) and physical activity. Findings will provide guidance in developing culturally relevant strategies for increasing physical activity and decreasing health disparities in SAIs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The serious health disparities associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus and central obesity and lower levels of physical activity in South Asian Indian immigrants residing in western countries compared to Caucasians is a major public health concern. This research will be among the first to identify the influence of acculturation, discrimination and environmental factors on the physical activity behavior and health of this vulnerable immigrant population. Findings will be used to develop tailored and targeted interventions.