Genetic Ancestry Inference: Developing Best-Practice Guidelines

描述(由申请者提供)：美国人类遗传学学会(ASHG)请求财政支持，以支付将于2012年5月在伊利诺伊州芝加哥举行的“祖先推断圆桌会议”的演讲者和参与者的部分旅费。本次会议将以ASHG早先的立场声明(ASHG，2008年)和ASHG祖先工作组的建议为基础，这些建议发表在《美国人类遗传学杂志》(Royal等人，2010年)上。会议的目的将是促进与更广泛的祖先研究人员、直接面向消费者的祖先测试公司和其他利益攸关方的进一步讨论，并制定学术界和工业界关于遗传祖先推断的最佳做法和指导方针。圆桌会议的具体目标是：1.推断遗传和基因组祖先的最佳做法；2.在工业界和学术界的不同环境下应用和介绍遗传祖先推断结果的准则--个人祖先测试、遗传流行病学、遗传人类学等；3.鼓励使用最佳做法和准则的战略；4.确定和处理遗传祖先推断对个人和社区的潜在影响的机制；以及5.关于遗传祖先信息的教育和参与的建议。由Charmaine Royal博士和Michael Bamshad博士担任主席的一个由代表不同重要群体的专家组成的规划委员会已经成立，并将为该项目提供智力指导。圆桌会议将由ASHG组织和主办，该集团还提供财政和后勤支持。 公共卫生相关性：由美国人类遗传学学会主办的祖先推断圆桌会议，将邀请祖先检测公司、消费者、社区领袖、倡导和利益团体、遗传学家、社会和行为科学家、医疗保健提供者、法律专业人员、联邦机构和其他关键利益攸关方就学术界和工业界关于遗传祖先推断的重大问题进行富有成效的讨论，并集思广益，提出切实可行的解决方案。圆桌会议的成果--实践建议和准则--将促进使用适当的方法推断遗传祖先；促进准确使用种群识别符；促进适当使用遗传祖先推断；促进对遗传祖先信息的准确解释；并减少对研究对象、其社区和社会造成伤害的可能性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) requests financial support to partially defray speaker and participant travel expenses for an "Ancestry Inference Roundtable" to be held in May, 2012, in Chicago, IL. This meeting will build on an earlier ASHG position statement (ASHG, 2008) and the recommendations of an ASHG ancestry task force, which were published in the American Journal of Human Genetics (Royal et al., 2010). The purpose of the meeting will be to facilitate further discussion with a broader community of ancestry researchers, direct-to-consumer ancestry testing companies, and other stakeholders and to develop best practices and guidelines regarding genetic ancestry inference in academia and industry. The specific aims of the roundtable are to develop: 1. Best practices for inferring genetic and genomic ancestry; 2. Guidelines for the application and presentation of genetic ancestry inference results in different settings in industry and academia - personal ancestry testing, genetic epidemiology, genetic anthropology, etc.; 3. Strategies for encouraging use of best practices and guidelines; 4. Mechanisms for determining and addressing the potential impact of genetic ancestry inference on individuals and communities; and 5. Recommendations for education and engagement about genetic ancestry information. A Planning Committee of experts representing a diverse and essential constituency, chaired by Dr. Charmaine Royal and Dr. Michael Bamshad, has been assembled and will provide intellectual direction for the project. The roundtable discussions will be organized and hosted by ASHG, which is also providing financial and logistical support. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The Ancestry Inference Roundtable, hosted by the American Society of Human Genetics, will engage ancestry-testing companies, consumers, community leaders, advocacy and interest groups, geneticists, social and behavioral scientists, healthcare providers, legal professionals, federal agencies, and other key stakeholders in productive discussion about major issues regarding genetic ancestry inference in academia and industry, and to brainstorm practical solutions. The products of the roundtable-practice recommendations and guidelines-will facilitate use of appropriate methods for inferring genetic ancestry; facilitat accurate use of population identifiers; facilitate appropriate use of genetic ancestry inferences; facilitate accurate interpretations of genetic ancestry information; and reduce the potential for harm to research subjects, their communities, and society.