Imaging of DLPFC and amygdala impact on relative preference in cocaine addiction

DLPFC和杏仁核对可卡因相对偏好的影响 上瘾 摘要 最近，对脑结构测量和脑功能的关系的研究 奖励/厌恶处理已经开始出现。一个挑战是研究表明 脑结构改变与改变的方法和回避行为的关系 上瘾是很难解释这些发现是否与(I)脆弱性有关 因素，(Ii)药物暴露/损害的影响，或(Iii)对 生病了。从文献中，关于结构不对称的结果，与 行为和对禁欲的反应正在出现，这表明我们可以发展和 测试假设，权衡对脆弱性、药物暴露/损害、 或者补偿。我们建议评估大脑结构与 相对偏好的按键措施，包括强烈厌恶的措施，以及 确定研究结果是否可以扩展到健康对照，或与脆弱性有关 可卡因依赖的因素、药物暴露体征或代偿反应 多物质滥用(CDPA)受试者。我们将特别针对杏仁核，脑岛 (INS)和背外侧前额叶皮质(DLPFC)，考虑到这些区域中的每一个 在功能上与与判断和决策相关的按键任务相连 基于相对偏好，或在结构上与CDPA中的按键任务相关联 研究对象。我们预测：(1)杏仁核的改变与易损性有关，(2)杏仁核 INS与药物暴露有关，(3)DLPFC与代偿反应有关。 这些假设将通过使用按键任务和高- 匹配组(N=80)的分辨率MRI扫描，这些组(1)CDPA活跃 受试者，(2)长期戒除CDPA的受试者，(3)健康志愿者。脑区 将专门测试这三者之间的结构和行为的差异 群体，以及结构和行为之间改变的关系，以得出推断 关于(A)DLPFC、INS和杏仁核的结构措施是否可以联系起来 在健康对照组中按键接近和避开目标对象的行为，以及(B) CDPA受试者的异常是否可以从易感性、药物等方面进行解释 暴露，或补偿性反应。

Imaging of DLPFC and amygdala impact on relative preference in cocaine addiction Abstract Relatively recently, studies of the relationship of brain structural measures and reward/aversion processing have started to appear. One challenge with studies showing altered brain structure in relationship to altered approach and avoidance behaviors in addiction is that it is difficult to interpret whether the findings relate to (i) vulnerability factors, (ii) effects of drug exposure/damage, or (iii) compensatory responses to the illness. From the literature, results regarding structure asymmetry, correlations with behavior, and responses to abstinence are emerging that suggest we can develop and test hypotheses that weight interpretation toward vulnerability, drug exposure/damage, or compensation. We propose to evaluate the relationship of brain structure with keypress measures of relative preference, including strongly aversive ones, and determine if findings can be extended to healthy controls, or related to vulnerability factors, signs of drug exposure, or compensatory responses in cocaine dependent polysubstance abusing (CDPA) subjects. We will specifically target the amygdala, insula (INS), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), given each of these regions has been functionally connected with keypress tasks related to judgment and decision-making based on relative preferences, or structurally connected with keypress tasks in CDPA subjects. We predict that alterations in: (1) the amygdala relate to vulnerability, (2) the INS relate to drug exposure, and (3) the DLPFC relate to compensatory responses. These hypotheses will be tested by behavioral testing with keypress tasks and high- resolution MRI scanning of matched groups (N=80 each) who are (1) active CDPA subjects, (2) long-term abstinent CDPA subjects, and (3) healthy volunteers. Brain structure and behavior will be specifically tested for differences between these three groups, and for altered relationships between structure and behavior to draw inferences on (a) whether structural measures in the DLPFC, INS, and amygdala can be connected to keypress behavior to approach and avoid goal-objects in healthy controls, and (b) whether abnormalities in CDPA subjects can be interpreted in terms of vulnerability, drug exposure, or compensatory responses.