Biological Bases of Drug-Seeking Behavior

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目为博士前和博士后培训提供支持，培养能够进行从分子到认知/临床水平的临床前研究的专家，研究药物寻求行为发展、维持和消除的生物学机制。俄勒冈健康与科学大学（Oregon Health & Science University）的32名研究生担任博士后研究人员和进入行为神经科学、神经科学、生理学和药理学或生物化学基础科学研究生课程的博士生的导师。主要研究领域分为四个层次。一些教师主要在细胞/分子水平上工作，使用分子生物学、细胞生物学和电子显微镜技术。其他教师主要在生理、生化和药理学系统层面工作，使用受体结合、放射自显影、体内微透析和伏安法，以及电生理技术，一些主要在行为药理学和药物遗传学方面工作，使用行为测试、静脉注射药物自我给药、定量遗传学和基因图谱，以及计算机建模技术。最后，一些教师与人类受试者一起工作，使用认知测试和各种成像技术。现有教师广泛合作的领域包括：多巴胺能系统的研究，从分子生物学到行为学；广泛研究药物反应的遗传决定因素，从分子到统计基因定位的所有水平；以及对药物反应的习得性和非习得性决定因素的研究，特别是它们的奖励效应和药物自我给药。目前正在积极调查所有主要药物滥用类别的敏感性、耐受性和依赖/戒断现象。培训包括基础科学方面的坚实课程基础，滥用药物方面的具体药理学培训，以及广泛和持续地参与研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This program for pre- and post-doctoral training supports the training of specialists who are able to conduct preclinical research at levels ranging from the molecular to the cognitive/clinical, on the biological mechanisms underlying the development, maintenance, and elimination of drug-seeking behavior. Thirty-two members of the graduate faculty of the Oregon Health & Science University serve as preceptors for postdoctoral research fellows and for Ph.D. students matriculating into basic science graduate programs in behavioral neuroscience, neuroscience, physiology and pharmacology, or biochemistry. Major research areas represent four levels. Some faculty members work primarily at the cellular/molecular level, using molecular biological, cell biological, and electron microscopic techniques. Other faculty work principally at the level of physiological, biochemical and pharmacological systems, using receptor binding, autoradiography, in vivo microdialysis and voltammetry, and electrophysiological techniques, and some work primarily in behavioral pharmacology and pharmacogenetics, using behavioral testing, intravenous drug self-administration, quantitative genetics and genetic mapping, as well as computer modeling techniques. Finally, some faculty work with human subjects, using cognitive testing and a variety of imaging techniques. Areas of extensive existing faculty collaboration include: studies of dopaminergic systems, ranging from molecular biology to behavior; extensive studies of genetic determinants of drug responses, at all levels from molecular to statistical gene mapping; and the study of learned and unlearned determinants of responses to drugs, particularly their rewarding effects and drug self- administration. Sensitivity, tolerance, and dependence/withdrawal phenomena for all major classes of drugs of abuse are under active investigation. Training includes firm curricular grounding in the basic sciences, specific pharmacological training in abused drugs, and extensive and continuous participation in research.