A Multilevel Protective Model of Sexual Violence Perpetration

描述（由申请人提供）：对妇女的性侵犯是一个严重的公共卫生问题。与非大学同龄人和一般人群相比，年轻的大学女性受到男性的攻击或强奸的比例过高，这表明需要采取有效的预防干预措施。在了解性暴力犯罪的风险因素方面进行了大量研究，但很少有研究关注保护性因素。此外，大多数研究都集中在肇事者的个人层面特征上，并在一定程度上关注同伴影响。生态系统模型认为，人类行为直接或间接地受到位于多个环境水平的各种背景因素的影响。在制定有效的预防计划之前，需要进行更多的研究，以加强我们对从环境的多个层面得出的可改变因素的理解，这些因素可以缓冲或保护男性免受犯罪，而不是那些使男性面临犯罪风险的因素。本研究将定义乔治亚州男大学生性暴力犯罪的多层次保护模式。在为期18个月的研究期间，将从30所大学的随机概率比例样本中收集数据，以确定每所大学对性暴力的反应特征、遵守有关报告性暴力事件的联邦规定以及校园环境的其他方面。数据还将从30名大学管理人员和1800名男性大学生中在线收集。将使用广义层次线性模型对数据进行建模。具体而言，该项目将1)描述性暴力犯罪的发展轨迹，将个人、家庭、同伴和大学因素考虑在内；2)确定人群中性暴力实施的多层次保护和风险因素；3)考虑大学层面因素通过个人、家庭或同伴因素的直接和间接影响，定义保护性暴力实施的多层次中介模型；4)考虑大学层面因素对个体、家庭或同伴风险因素的缓冲作用，定义保护性暴力实施的多层次调节模型。研究结果将用于制定具体的政策和项目建议，以应对大学校园内女大学生的性暴力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The sexual assault of women is a serious public health problem. Young college women as compared to their non-college peers and the general population are disproportionately assaulted or raped by men indicating a need for effective preventive interventions. Much research has been conducted on understanding the risk factors for engaging in sexual violence perpetration, but little research has focused on protective factors. Moreover, most of this research has focused on individual-level characteristics of the perpetrators and to some degree on peer influences. The ecological systems model posits that human behavior is influenced directly and indirectly by various contextual factors located within multiple environmental levels. Before effective prevention programs can be developed, more research is needed that can enhance our understanding of modifiable factors drawn from multiple levels of the environment that buffer or protect men from perpetration in addition to those that place men at risk for perpetration. The proposed study will define a multilevel protective model of sexual violence perpetration among male college students in Georgia. Data will be collected from a random probability-to-proportionate size sample of 30 colleges on factors characterizing each college's response to sexual violence, compliance to federal mandates regarding reporting of sexual violence incidents, and other aspects of the campus setting across an 18-month study period. Data will also be collected online from 30 college administrators and from a convenience sample of 1800 male college students. Generalized hierarchical linear modeling will be used to model the data. Specifically, the project will 1) describe the developmental trajectory of sexual violence perpetration taking individual, familial, peer and college factors into account; 2) identify multilevel protective and risk factors for sexua violence perpetration in the population; 3) define multilevel mediation models for protection of sexual violence perpetration considering college-level factors' direct and indirect influence through individual, familial or peer factors; and 4) define multilevel moderation models for protection of sexual violence perpetration considering college-level factors buffering effects on individual, familial or peer risk factors. The results will be used to inform specific policy and program recommendations to respond to the sexual violence of female college students on college campuses. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public Health Relevance Sexual violence perpetrated against women causes severe physical, interpersonal, and psychological trauma and is costly for individuals and society. College women in particular are at heightened risk for sexual violence. The proposed research will define a multilevel protective model of sexual violence perpetration specific to male college students that will contribute significantly to an empirical knowledge base informing college-level policies and community-based interventions.