AMERICAN INDIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS AS ANTIBIOTICS

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 抗生素耐药性，特别是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)已发展成为一个重大的健康问题。某些金黄色葡萄球菌不仅对甲氧西林耐药，而且对其他β-内酰胺类抗生素，如双氯西林、那福西林和阿莫西林也有抗药性。疾病控制中心的报告表明，2005年美国报告了近100,000例MRSA病例，死亡18,650人；死亡人数超过免疫缺陷疾病的死亡人数。旨在识别具有抗生素特性的新分子的研究对于解决这一日益增长的医疗保健需求至关重要。BHSU的一个合作研究项目是在2008年夏天由美国印第安人研究、生物学和化学发起的，确定了三种具有抗生素活性的美洲印第安人药用植物。这个项目提供了概念证据，证明在美洲印第安人用来治疗其他疾病的药用植物中可以发现抗生素活性。它对金黄色葡萄球菌和另外两种微生物也显示出抗菌活性。北卡罗来纳州立大学生物学专业大四学生Jay Jacobs先生目前正在对其中两种提取物进行研究。研究的第一阶段是对第三种植物提取物进行纯化，鉴定出具有抗菌活性的成分(S)，并利用核磁共振、红外光谱和质谱学方法进行结构鉴定。我的研究的第二阶段将涉及收集第二组植物，提取它们，并评估提取物的抗生素活性。2010年夏天，迪克森博士指导了德意志大学的一名本科生。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Antibiotic resistance, particularly methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has developed into a major health issue. Certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus have become resistant not only to methicillin, but to other beta-lactam antibiotics, e.g. dicloxacillin, nafcillin and amoxicillin. Reports from the Center for Disease Control indicate that in 2005 nearly 100,000 cases of MRSA were reported in the United States with 18,650 deaths; more deaths than occurred from immune deficiency diseases. Research aimed at identifying new molecules with antibiotic properties is critical to addressing this ever growing health care need. A collaborative research project at BHSU was initiated during the summer of 2008 between American Indian Studies, Biology and Chemistry that identified three American Indian medicinal plants with antibiotic activity. This project provided proof of concept that antibiotic activity could be found in medicinal plants that were used by the American Indians to treat other diseases. It has also shown antibiotic activity on staphylococcus aureus and two additional microbes. Two of these extracts are currently being investigated by Mr. Jay Jacobs, a senior Biology major at BHSU. The first phase of my research would be to purify the third plant extract, identify which fraction(s) contain the antibiotic activity and conduct structure determination use NMR, IR and mass spectroscopy. The second phase of my research would involve collecting a second set of plants, extracting them, and evaluating the extracts for antibiotic activity. Dr. Dixson mentored an undergraduate fellow from DWU during the summer of 2010.