Enhancing Quit and Win Contests to Improve Cessation Among College Smokers

帮助年轻吸烟者戒烟是国家健康的优先事项，但很少有循证治疗是为他们设计的。迫切需要为年轻人制定和提供有吸引力和有效的戒烟干预措施。学院和大学招收了1400多万年轻人，是接触相当大比例的年轻吸烟者的理想场所。标准的戒烟和赢竞赛，吸烟者通常戒烟一个月，以换取赢得奖品的机会，实施简单，易于传播，在鼓励戒烟方面可能特别具有成本效益，至少是短期的。这些比赛的许多特点似乎很适合在大学校园实施，但他们的整体效益是有限的，在短暂的比赛期后复吸。这些研究结果证实了干预的必要性，例如这里提出的那些，旨在维持禁欲超过最初的退出&赢比赛期间。我们在这项提案中的目标是评估单独和综合的有效性，增加剂量和增强内容的理论为基础的方法，以提高大学校园戒烟和赢参与者的禁欲。首先，我们将通过将比赛次数从一个月延长到连续三个月的比赛来测试治疗剂量的效果。第二，我们将通过增加戒烟咨询来测试治疗内容。我们的创新方法，动机复发预防（MRP），侧重于增加内在动机和应对策略，以防止复发。我们提出了一个2 × 2析因随机对照试验，吸烟者（n = 1，256）在2年和4年的大学校园。参与者将被随机分配到四个条件之一：Tx 1）：标准戒烟和获胜比赛（1个月）+大学健康（接触控制）咨询; Tx 2）：标准戒烟和获胜比赛（1个月）+动机复发预防（MRP）咨询; Tx 3）：延长戒烟和获胜比赛（连续3个月的比赛）+大学健康（控制）咨询; Tx 4）：延长戒烟和赢得比赛（连续3个月的比赛）+ MRP咨询。本研究将测试以下目标：所有咨询电话将通过六个电话管理的会议在12周的干预期间使用参与者敏感的调度。主要结局将是通过研究入组后9个月测量的尿可替宁验证的30天戒断（即，干预期结束后6个月。这项建议解决了迫切需要有吸引力和有效的干预措施，以帮助年轻人戒烟。我们预计，在这项研究完成后，我们将确定具体的策略，以提高大学校园戒烟和赢参与者的持续禁欲率，这些结果将是全国高校的决策者和计划规划者非常感兴趣。公共卫生相关性：我们在这项提案中的目标是评估单独和综合的有效性，增加剂量和增强内容的理论为基础的方法，以提高大学校园戒烟和赢参与者的禁欲。首先，我们将通过将比赛次数从一个月延长到连续三个月的比赛来测试治疗剂量的效果。第二，我们将通过增加戒烟咨询，动机复发预防（MRP），一个创新的咨询策略，重点是增加内在动机和应对策略，以防止复发的内容进行测试。在这项研究完成后，我们将确定具体的策略，以提高大学校园戒烟和赢参与者的持续禁欲率，并预计这些结果将是非常感兴趣的决策者和计划规划者在全国高校。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Helping young smokers quit is a national health priority, but few evidence-based treatments are designed for them. Developing and delivering appealing and effective smoking cessation interventions for young people is critically needed. Colleges and universities, which enroll over 14 million young adults, are ideal settings to reach a substantial proportion of young adult smokers. Standard Quit & Win contests, in which smokers typically quit for one month in return for the opportunity to win prizes, are simple to implement and easy to disseminate and may be particularly cost-effective in encouraging cessation, at least short term. Many features of these contests appear well suited for implementation on college campuses, but their overall benefit is limited by relapse to smoking after the brief contest period. These findings confirm the need for interventions, such as those proposed here, designed to maintain abstinence beyond the initial Quit & Win contest period. Our objective in this proposal is to evaluate the separate and combined efficacy of increased dose and enhanced content within a theory based approach to enhance abstinence among college campus Quit and Win participants. First, we will test the effect of the dose of treatment by extending the number of contests from one month to three successive monthly contests. Second, we will test the content of treatment by adding cessation counseling. Our innovative approach, Motivational Relapse Prevention (MRP), focuses on increasing intrinsic motivation and coping strategies to prevent relapse. We propose a 2 x 2 factorial randomized controlled trial with smokers (n = 1,256) on 2- and 4-year college campuses. Participants will be randomized to one of four conditions: Tx1): Standard Quit and Win Contest (1 month) + College Health (Contact Control) Counseling; Tx2): Standard Quit and Win Contest (1 month) + Motivational Relapse Prevention (MRP) Counseling; Tx3): Extended Quit and Win Contest (3 successive monthly contests) + College Health (Control) Counseling; Tx4): Extended Quit and Win Contest (3 successive monthly contests) + MRP Counseling. This study will test the following aims: All counseling calls will be delivered via six telephone-administered sessions over the 12 week intervention period using participant sensitive scheduling. The primary outcome will be 30-day abstinence validated via urine cotinine measured 9 months after study enrollment (i.e., 6 months after the end of the intervention period. This proposal addresses a critical need for appealing and effective interventions to help young people to quit smoking. We anticipate that at the completion of this research we will have identified specific strategies for improving sustained abstinence rates among college campus Quit & Win participants and that these results will be of great interest to decision makers and program planners at colleges and universities nationwide. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Our objective in this proposal is to evaluate the separate and combined efficacy of increased dose and enhanced content within a theory based approach to enhance abstinence among college campus Quit and Win participants. First, we will test the effect of the dose of treatment by extending the number of contests from one month to three successive monthly contests. Second, we will test the content of treatment by adding cessation counseling, Motivational Relapse Prevention (MRP), an innovative counseling strategy focused on increasing intrinsic motivation and coping strategies to prevent relapse. At the completion of this research we will have identified specific strategies for improving sustained abstinence rates among college campus Quit & Win participants and anticipate that these results will be of great interest to decision makers and program planners at colleges and universities nationwide.