Stress and Moral Judgment Variation Across Contexts Among Immigrant Asian Youth

描述（由申请人提供）：移民和成年移民的子女谁抵达作为青年是在精神健康障碍的风险增加相比，移民谁来到美国作为成年人。这可能是由于在形成性发展时期的文化适应压力，这往往与抑郁症和焦虑症的发病年龄相吻合。家庭文化冲突在移民青年心理健康障碍发展方面所起的作用一直没有得到充分研究。研究家庭文化冲突是如何从学校和家庭环境之间相互冲突的道德规范，以及从关键的生活决定（即，婚姻和职业）是一个很有希望的调查方向，以前没有在移民青年中进行过。在家里，他们往往被社会化，以履行家庭义务。相比之下，美国学校往往强调优先考虑个人选择。因此，关于如何成为一个好人的规范压力在移民青年的家庭和学校环境中发生了变化。由此产生的冲突可能是影响他们患抑郁症风险的一个重要而独特的因素。这项新的研究旨在证明，第一次，关于职业和家庭的关键决定在移民青年的家庭和学校环境中各不相同（目标1），而且，这种环境的变化与压力和抑郁症状有关（目标2）。拟议的研究是重要的，因为它有可能确定所产生的文化适应压力的来源，而不是从移民青年，或移民家庭，但在家庭和学校的文化规范之间的不匹配。这一领域的进步有可能为促进家庭-学校参与的干预措施提供信息，以支持移民青年和抑郁症风险的临床评估。创新的行为方法被用来模拟在一个试点的文化启动范式的文化适应性压力，一个额外的创新是使用压力的生物措施。这项研究将集中在外国和美国出生的移民亚洲二年制和四年制大学生，与非移民的欧洲裔美国人作为对照组。使用这个样本是对假设的保守检验，因为那些没有上过大学的人和那些机会和资源通常较少的人的文化适应压力可能更大。试点数据表明，在家庭和学校的启动条件下，亚洲移民的职业和婚姻任务的道德判断比欧洲裔美国人的变化更大。了解是什么影响移民年轻人的关键决策是重要的，在预测未来的人口趋势和个人心理健康结果。该项目直接关系到国家排雷中心的人口和行为科学分支（DBS）的优先事项，以研究移民家庭儿童的结果如何不同于其他儿童的结果;以及家庭特征和过程如何影响这些差异。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究是重要的，因为它有可能确定使用生物行为措施所产生的文化适应压力的来源，而不是从移民青年，或移民家庭，但从家庭和学校的文化规范之间的不匹配。这一领域的进展有可能为干预措施提供信息（例如，与移民社区代表一起制定的学校方案），以支持与非移民同龄人相比抑郁风险更高的移民年轻人。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The children of immigrants and adult immigrants who arrived as youth are at increased risk for mental health disorders compared with immigrants who come to the US as adults. This may be attributable to acculturative stress during formative developmental periods which often coincide with the age of onset of depression and anxiety disorders. The role that family cultural conflict plays in terms of the development of mental health disorders among immigrant youth has been understudied. Research on how family cultural conflict arises from conflicting moral norms between school and home settings, and from key life decisions (i.e., marriage and career), is a promising line of inquiry which has not been previously conducted among immigrant youth. At home, they are often socialized to fulfill familial duties. In contrast, American schools often emphasize prioritizing individual choice. As a result, normative pressures about how to be a good person change across home and school settings for immigrant youth. The resultant conflict may be a significant and distinctive factor affecting their risk for depression. This new investigator aims to demonstrate, for the first time, that key decisions about career and family vary across home and school contexts among immigrant youth (Aim 1), and, that this variability across contexts is associated with stress and depression symptoms (Aim 2). The proposed research is significant because it has the potential to identify the source of acculturative stress as arising not from immigrant youth, or immigrant homes, but from the mismatch between cultural norms in the families and schools. Advancement in this field has the potential to inform interventions which promote family-school engagement to support immigrant youth and clinical assessments of risk for depression. Innovative behavioral methods are used to simulate acculturative stress in a piloted cultural priming paradigm; an additional innovation is using a biological measure of stress. The study will focus on foreign- and US-born immigrant Asian two- and four-year college students, with non-immigrant European Americans as the control group. Using this sample is a conservative test of the hypothesis, because acculturative stress is likely to be greater among those who do not attend college and who generally have fewer opportunities and resources. Pilot data suggests greater change in moral judgments of career and marriage tasks across home and school priming conditions for immigrant Asians than for European Americans. Understanding what influences key decisions among immigrant young adults is important in predicting future demographic trends and individual mental health outcomes. This project is directly related to the NICHD's Demographic and Behavioral Science Branch (DBS) priorities to study how outcomes for children from immigrant families differ from outcomes for other children; and how family characteristics and processes affect these differences. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research is significant because it has the potential to identify the source of acculturative stress using biobehavioral measures as arising not from immigrant youth, or immigrant homes, but from the mismatch between cultural norms in the families and schools. Advancement in this field has the potential to inform interventions (e.g., school programs developed with immigrant community representatives) to support immigrant young adults, who are at increased risk for depression compared with non-immigrant peers.