Proximal Effects of Marijuana in Understanding Intimate Partner Violence

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管人们普遍认为大麻可以抑制攻击性，但在控制了混杂变量后，许多横断面和纵向调查发现，大麻使用与亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）之间存在正相关关系。由于缺乏对大麻使用的近端效应的研究，因此很难阐明大麻使用可能导致IPV的机制。大麻是美国最常用的毒品，在过去的几年里，大麻的使用率稳步上升。因此，了解大麻对IPV发生的贡献具有重要的公共卫生意义。拟议的研究将通过检查夫妇中使用大麻的急性、近端影响及其对关系功能和伴侣攻击的影响来解决这一知识空白。每日过程方法将被用来检查大麻对个人和夫妇结果的近端影响在200个社区大麻使用夫妇的样本，年龄在18-30岁。使用事件触发和30天内的每日报告相结合，伴侣双方将报告：1)大麻使用的发作和直接后果（例如，唤醒，易怒），2)夫妻冲突的发作（包括心理和身体攻击），以及3)情感和夫妻功能的每日测量（例如，关系满意度，对伴侣的愤怒）。每日过程部分将在随后的12个月内进行前瞻性随访（在3、6、9和12个月进行评估），以考虑急性大麻效应如何影响夫妻功能轨迹，包括心理和身体攻击。数据将允许测试关于潜在的个人和环境调节变量的新假设。例如，大麻的负面近端效应可能更有可能发生在某些人身上，比如那些有攻击性历史的人。大麻对夫妻关系的影响也可能因使用大麻的环境而异。例如，大麻的不和谐使用（一方使用，另一方不使用）被假设对近期和长期的夫妻关系结果有更多的负面影响，而不是和谐使用（双方一起使用）。拟议的研究设计不仅非常适合评估大麻使用的直接、近端效应，而且还适合评估这些近端效应随着时间的积累如何影响长期的夫妻结果，例如关系满意度的下降和心理或生理IPV的增加。数据将使用最先进的多层次建模和增长曲线建模技术进行分析。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite the commonly held belief that marijuana suppresses aggression, many cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys find positive associations between marijuana use and intimate partner violence (IPV) across a variety of samples, after controlling for confounding variables. The absence of research on the proximal effects of marijuana use makes it difficult to elucidate the mechanism by which marijuana use may contribute to IPV. Marijuana is the most commonly used drug in the United States, with steady increases in rates of usage observed over the past few years. Thus, understanding the contribution of marijuana to the occurrence of IPV has important public health implications. The proposed research will address this gap in knowledge by examining the acute, proximal effects of marijuana use episodes within couples and their consequences for relationship functioning and partner aggression. Daily process methodology will be used to examine the proximal effects of marijuana on individual and couple outcomes in a sample of 200 community marijuana-using couples, ages 18-30. Using a combination of event-triggered and daily reporting over 30 days, both partners will report: 1) episodes of marijuana use and immediate consequences (e.g., arousal, irritability), 2) episodes of couple conflict (including psychological and physical aggression), and 3) daily measures of affect and couple functioning (e.g., relationship satisfaction, anger toward partner). The daily process component will be followed by prospective follow-up over the subsequent 12 months (assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) to consider how acute marijuana effects may impact trajectories of couple functioning, including psychological and physical aggression. Data will permit testing of novel hypotheses regarding potential individual and contextual moderating variables. For example, negative proximal effects of marijuana may be more likely to occur for certain individuals, such as those with a history of aggression. The effects of marijuana on couple functioning may also vary according to the context in which use occurs. For example, discordant use of marijuana (one partner using, the other person not using) is hypothesized to have more negative effects on immediate and long term couple outcomes relative to concordant use (both partners using together). The proposed research design is ideally suited to assessing not only the immediate, proximal effects of marijuana use, but also how the accumulation of those proximal effects over time can contribute to long-term couple outcomes, such as decline in relationship satisfaction and increases in psychological or physical IPV. Data will be analyzed using state-of- the-art multi-level modeling and growth curve modeling techniques.