The same dysarthria in different languages: Hypokinetic dysarthria in English and

描述（由申请人提供）：我们对构音障碍的了解主要基于神经病理生理标签，如柔弱或运动障碍，这些标签被认为可以“解释”言语产生特征（以及相关的可理解性缺陷）。然而，这一理论最近受到了神经病理生理学和言语特征之间不匹配的实验数据的挑战。此外，大多数构音障碍研究都是针对说美式英语的人进行的，这也导致了神经病理学和语言输出之间联系的不确定性。为了解决这一问题，本项目提出了一项关于母语对单一的、经常被研究的构音障碍语音特征的影响的研究。这种方法的假设是，它可以阐明构音障碍的语言普遍性方面和语言特异性方面之间的区别。首先，我们建议在两种语言（美国英语和韩语）中获得声学和可理解性度量，以产生一组密切匹配的声学度量，并在每种语言中构建基于声学的语音可理解性预测模型。为此，将对患有帕金森病和构音障碍的英语和韩语患者的话语进行声学分析。本文将比较两种语言之间的语音可理解度预测模型，并假设影响语音可理解度变化的变量的权重在语言之间是不同的。我们还建议研究帕金森病患者言语的第二个感知方面，通过听者对母语和非母语话语的反应来判断。为了达到这个目的，听者将被要求在听他们理解的话语（说者和听者的母语匹配）和他们不理解的话语（说者和听者的母语不匹配）时，对患有构音障碍的说话者的多个言语维度进行评分。这一新的构音障碍治疗方法的结果有望1)扩展我们对构音障碍本质的基础知识，2)为为什么在临床评估和处理构音障碍时应该考虑语音/语言变化提供理论基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our knowledge of dysarthria is largely based on neuropathophysiologic labels such as flaccidity, or hypokinesia, which are assumed to "explain" speech production characteristics (and associated intelligibility deficits). However, this theory has been recently challenged by experimental data reporting mismatches between neuropathophysiology and speech characteristics. In addition, the fact that the majority of dysarthria studies have been conducted on speakers of American English also contributes to the uncertainty about the link between neuropathology and speech output. To address this concern, this project proposes an examination of the effect of native languages on speech characteristics of a single, often-studied dysarthria. The assumption of this approach is that it can shed light on the distinction between language-universal aspects of dysarthria and language-specific aspects of dysarthria. First, we propose obtaining acoustic and intelligibility measures within two languages (American English and Korean) to yield a closely matched set of acoustic measures and construct acoustically-based predictive models of speech intelligibility, within each language. For this aim, acoustic analysis will be performed on utterances produced by English-speaking and Korean-speaking individuals with Parkinson disease and hypokinetic dysarthria. The predictive models of speech intelligibility will be compared between the two languages, with the hypothesis that the weights of the variables contributing to speech intelligibility variation will differ between languages. We also propose to investigate a second perceptual aspect of speech of Parkinson disease, as judged by listeners who respond to utterances both in their native and non-native languages. For this aim, listeners will be asked to rate multiple speech dimensions of speakers with hypokinetic dysarthria, while listening to utterances they understand (native language match between speakers and listeners) and utterances they do not understand (mismatch between native language of speakers and listeners). The results from this novel approach to dysarthria are expected 1) to extend our fundamental knowledge about the nature of dysarthria, and 2) to provide a theoretical basis as to why speech/language variations should be considered in clinical assessment and management of dysarthria.