EEG coherence in children with TS: Association with ADHD and tic severity

描述(申请人提供)：这是一项关于在执行运动反应抑制的GO/NO-GO任务时研究Tourette综合征(TS)儿童抽动严重程度和Tourette综合征(TS)抽动抑制的生物标志物的近侧-额部脑电一致性的建议。TS是一种儿童起病的神经精神障碍，以多发性运动和声带痉挛为特征。抽动通常出现在6岁左右，在数量和复杂性上倍增和恶化，并在10-12岁达到最严重的时期。之后，许多人的抽搐会持续下去，一些人会保持稳定，少数人会继续恶化。表现出缓解性抽动的患者可能已经成功地发展出抑制抽动的代偿性神经生物学机制。一项针对患有抽动障碍的成年人的研究(Serrien等人，2005年)报告了在执行运动反应抑制任务时，阿尔法频段的内侧-额叶脑电连贯性增加，并认为这种增加代表了抽动抑制的一种机制。这项研究将检测8至12岁患有TS的儿童与匹配的未受影响的社区对照儿童在运动反应抑制任务中的脑电阿尔法一致性。这一建议建立在Serrien和同事的发现以及我们自己的试点研究结果的基础上，即脑电阿尔法一致性与抽搐严重程度之间存在负相关。此外，由于TS经常与ADHD并存，这是一种与不良反应抑制相关的障碍，我们还将比较患有TS而不是ADHD的儿童与患有TS和ADHD的儿童。为了确认患有和不患有ADHD的TS儿童之间的差异确实是由于ADHD，我们将包括一组没有抽搐的ADHD儿童。因此，这是一项横断面研究，涉及四组受试者：20名没有ADHD的TS儿童，20名TS和ADHD并存的儿童，20名没有抽搐的ADHD儿童，以及20名匹配的健康社区对照组。在这项横断面研究中，脑电α一致性作为抽动和抽动抑制的生物标志物的验证将为开发基于机制的TS治疗方法以及规划绘制这种疾病的过程的纵向研究奠定基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a proposal to investigate mesial-frontal EEG coherence during performance of a Go/No-Go task of motor response inhibition as a biomarker of tic severity and tic suppression in children with Tourette Syndrome (TS). TS is a neuropsychiatric disorder of childhood onset which is characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. Tics usually appear around 6 years of age, multiply and worsen in number and complexity, and reach the period of worst severity between 10 and 12 years of age. Afterward, tics follow a remitting course in many individuals, remain stable in some or continue to worsen in a minority. Patients who show a remitting course of tics may have successfully developed a compensatory neurobiological mechanism of tic suppression. One study in adults with TS (Serrien et al., 2005) reported increased mesial-frontal EEG coherence in the alpha frequency band during a task of motor response inhibition and it was suggested that this increase represents a mechanism of tic suppression. This study will examine EEG alpha coherence during a task of motor response inhibition in 8 to 12 year old children with TS versus matched unaffected community controls. This proposal builds on the findings of Serrien and colleagues as well as on our own pilot findings of inverse association between EEG alpha coherence and tic severity. In addition, because TS often co-occurs with ADHD, a disorder associated with poor response inhibition, we will also compare children with TS without co-occurring ADHD to children with TS and ADHD. To confirm that the difference between children with TS with and without ADHD is indeed due to ADHD, we will include a control group of children with ADHD without tics. Hence, this is a cross-sectional study involving four groups of subjects: 20 children with TS without ADHD, 20 children with co-occurring TS and ADHD, 20 children with ADHD without tics, and 20 matched healthy community controls. The validation of EEG alpha coherence as a biomarker of tics and tic suppression in this cross-sectional study will create a foundation for developing mechanism-based treatments for TS and for planning longitudinal studies to chart the course of this disorder.