Household Studies of Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses

描述（由申请方提供）：病毒流感和其他呼吸道感染的控制策略是基于30年前进行的特库姆塞呼吸道疾病研究的假设模型。从那时起，实验室和分析方法有了显着的进步。我们招募了300多个有孩子的家庭进行呼吸系统疾病的纵向研究。我们建议通过从符合病例定义的呼吸道疾病受试者中收集样本，并使用PCR检测样本以识别流感和其他呼吸道病毒，来确定呼吸道感染的发病率和特征。为了确定对流感的易感性以及对感染和疫苗接种的免疫应答，将每年在三个时间点采集血液标本，并进行血凝抑制（HAI）、微量中和和其他测定，以测量流感特异性抗体滴度和标本间滴度的变化。在数据分析中将使用标准技术和动态传输模型。将确定家庭感染率以及拥挤和湿度的影响。将计算以敏感性为条件的二次扩散。学校和整个社区的传播将与家庭中的传播进行比较。研究结果将为确定控制策略提供最新的科学依据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Viruses Strategies for control of influenza and other respiratory infections have been based on models using assumptions derived from the Tecumseh Study of Respiratory Illness, conducted 30 years ago. Since that time, laboratory and analytic methods have markedly advanced. We have recruited more than 300 households with children for a longitudinal study of respiratory illnesses. We propose to determine the incidence and characteristics of respiratory infections by collecting specimens from subjects with respiratory illness meeting a case definition, and testing specimens using PCR to identify influenza and other respiratory viruses. To determine susceptibility to influenza, and immunologic response to infection and vaccination, blood specimens will be collected at three points annually, and tested in hemagglutination inhibition (HAI), microneutralization and other assays to measure influenza specific antibody titers and changes in titers between specimens. Both standard techniques and dynamic transmission models will be used in data analysis. Household infection rates and the effects of crowding and humidity will be determined. Secondary spread, conditioned on susceptibility will be calculated. Transmission in schools and the overall community will be compared with those in the household. Results will provide an updated scientific basis for determining control strategies.