Systemic responses to tissue damage and regeneration

描述(申请人提供)：本研究目前的目标是描述昆虫受伤后对组织再生的系统反应，例如发育延迟，这为选定组织的修复提供了时间。许多组织在受伤后表现出令人印象深刻的修复和再生能力。这在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的组织中可以看到，甚至在人类子宫中的手指置换中也可以看到。补偿性生长和再生是动物发育过程中用来替代受损组织的重要过程。对组织损伤和再生的反应包括邻近细胞的炎症或生长减少，以及生长速度的变化，包括发育延迟。人们对组织损伤的局部反应知之甚少，但关于局部信号如何产生系统免疫和发育反应的信息还存在差距。昆虫想象盘是成虫结构(如翅膀)的前体，具有特殊的再生能力，在受损时，它们会分泌信号，延迟发育。该项目将(I)表征免疫系统在想象盘受损后的反应，(Ii)识别和表征从受损盘释放的向内分泌系统提供信号的因子，以及(Ii)确定这些血液传播因子对内分泌系统的作用。这项研究将在较大的昆虫Manduca sexta上进行，作为开发一种补充遗传易驯化但较小的果蝇--黑腹果蝇的模式生物的手段。鉴于加州大学伯克利分校Hariharan博士的指导，这一试点项目将扩大PI在免疫学和发育方面的专业知识范围，以了解发育是如何在外部压力下调节的，以及组织如何相互作用以监测发育过程中生长和体型的变化。它还将为必要时将果蝇遗传学引入实验室提供学习环境。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current goals of this research are to characterize the systemic responses to tissue regeneration after injury in insects, such as delays in developmental that provide time for the repair of select tissues. Many tissues display an impressive ability for repair and regeneration after injury. This is seen in invertebrate and vertebrate tissues and even in digit replacement in humans in utero. Compensatory growth and regeneration are vital processes used to replace damaged tissue during animal development. Responses to tissue injury and regeneration include inflammation or reduced growth in neighboring cells, as well as changes in growth rate including delays in development. Much is known of the local responses to tissue damage, but there is a gap in information on how local signals produce systemic immune and developmental responses. Insect imaginal discs, the precursors to adult structures such as wings, show exceptional regenerative capabilities, where they secrete signals that delay development when damaged. This project will (i) the characterize responses of the immune system after damage to the imaginal discs, (ii) identify and characterize the factors released from the damaged discs providing signals to the endocrine system, and (ii) determine the actions of these blood-borne factors on the endocrine system. This research will be conducted on the larger insect, Manduca sexta, as a means of developing a complementary model organism to the genetically tractable, but smaller fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. Given the mentorship by Dr. Hariharan of UC Berkeley, this pilot project will broaden the scope of the PI's expertise in immunology and development for understanding how development is modulated in response to external stresses, and how tissues interact to monitor changes in growth and body size during development. It will also provide the learning environment for introducing Drosophila genetics to the lab when necessary.