The same dysarthria in different languages: Hypokinetic dysarthria in English and

描述(由申请人提供)：我们对构音障碍的认识主要基于神经病理生理学标签，如松弛或运动不足，这些标签被假设为“解释”言语产生特征(以及相关的可理解性缺陷)。然而，这一理论最近受到了实验数据的挑战，这些数据报告了神经病理生理学和语音特征之间的不匹配。此外，大多数构音障碍研究都是在说美式英语的人身上进行的，这一事实也增加了对神经病理学和言语输出之间联系的不确定性。为了解决这一问题，该项目提出了一项关于母语对单一的、经常被研究的构音障碍的言语特征的影响的研究。这种方法的假设是，它可以阐明构音障碍的语言普遍性方面和语言特有方面的构音障碍之间的区别。首先，我们建议在两种语言(美国英语和韩语)中获取声学和清晰度测量，以产生一组紧密匹配的声学测量，并在每种语言中构建基于声学的语音清晰度预测模型。为此，将对说英语和说韩语的帕金森病患者和运动性构音障碍患者的话语进行声学分析。语音清晰度的预测模型将在两种语言之间进行比较，假设影响语音清晰度变化的变量的权重在不同语言之间会有所不同。我们还建议研究帕金森病言语的第二个知觉方面，这是通过听者对母语和非母语的话语做出反应来判断的。为此，听者将被要求在听他们理解的话语(说话者和听者之间的母语匹配)和他们不理解的话语(说话者和听者的母语不匹配)的同时，对患有运动性构音障碍的说话者的多个言语维度进行评分。这种治疗构音障碍的新方法的结果有望1)扩展我们对构音障碍本质的基本知识，2)为为什么在临床评估和治疗构音障碍时应考虑言语/语言变异提供理论基础。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目将解决帕金森病患者构音障碍的语言普遍性和语言特异性特征，并推进一系列研究，以拓宽我们对神经病理和言语输出之间关系的了解。希望从这个项目中得到的见解也将导致临床上对 言语障碍诊断和治疗中的言语/语言变异。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our knowledge of dysarthria is largely based on neuropathophysiologic labels such as flaccidity, or hypokinesia, which are assumed to "explain" speech production characteristics (and associated intelligibility deficits). However, this theory has been recently challenged by experimental data reporting mismatches between neuropathophysiology and speech characteristics. In addition, the fact that the majority of dysarthria studies have been conducted on speakers of American English also contributes to the uncertainty about the link between neuropathology and speech output. To address this concern, this project proposes an examination of the effect of native languages on speech characteristics of a single, often-studied dysarthria. The assumption of this approach is that it can shed light on the distinction between language-universal aspects of dysarthria and language-specific aspects of dysarthria. First, we propose obtaining acoustic and intelligibility measures within two languages (American English and Korean) to yield a closely matched set of acoustic measures and construct acoustically-based predictive models of speech intelligibility, within each language. For this aim, acoustic analysis will be performed on utterances produced by English-speaking and Korean-speaking individuals with Parkinson disease and hypokinetic dysarthria. The predictive models of speech intelligibility will be compared between the two languages, with the hypothesis that the weights of the variables contributing to speech intelligibility variation will differ between languages. We also propose to investigate a second perceptual aspect of speech of Parkinson disease, as judged by listeners who respond to utterances both in their native and non-native languages. For this aim, listeners will be asked to rate multiple speech dimensions of speakers with hypokinetic dysarthria, while listening to utterances they understand (native language match between speakers and listeners) and utterances they do not understand (mismatch between native language of speakers and listeners). The results from this novel approach to dysarthria are expected 1) to extend our fundamental knowledge about the nature of dysarthria, and 2) to provide a theoretical basis as to why speech/language variations should be considered in clinical assessment and management of dysarthria. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project will address language-universal and language-specific characteristics of dysarthria in Parkinson disease, and advance a line of research to broaden our knowledge about the relationship between neuropathology and speech output. It is hoped that insights from this project will also lead to the clinical consideration of speech/language variations in diagnosis and management of speech disorders.