Multigrasp Myoelectric Control of a Hand Prosthesis, and Assessment of Efficacy

描述（由申请人提供）：在肢体丧失后，上肢截肢者通常有两种类型的假肢选择用于手的功能置换-身体动力或肌电类型的设备-这两种设备都提供非常有限的手功能恢复。机器人技术的最新进展使多抓取手假肢，持有的承诺，大大提高功能的替代失踪的手。然而，如果没有一个用户界面，使截肢者能够快速，容易，有效地评估手的多重抓握能力，这样的假肢将是没有用的。研究人员已经开发了一个多抓取假肢的用户界面，（基于初步工作）提供直观，实时，直接控制多种手部姿势。所提出的控制结构利用来自手中的传感器的位置和力信息来增强来自用户的EMG信息，并且利用该组合信息来提供一定程度的半自主协调，这又极大地简化了用户对手假体的控制以及与手假体的交互。因此，建议的工作的目标是实现这个多抓肌电控制接口上的多抓手假肢对五个单侧经桡截肢者的科目，并评估多抓手执行手动任务时的功效，相对于他们的国家的最先进的单抓肌电假肢手。有效性研究的结果可以验证或质疑多抓取手假体相对于单抓取最新技术水平的功能优点。 公共卫生相关性：截至2005年，大约有41,000人生活在美国与主要（即，不包括失去手指）上肢截肢。目前的手假肢为这些截肢者提供的手功能恢复非常有限。本研究提出了一种假肢手和接口控制器，可以提供大大改善恢复的手功能，从而可以提供大大提高生活质量的上肢截肢者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): After suffering limb loss, upper extremity amputees generally have two options in prosthesis types for functional replacement of the hand - body powered or myoelectric type devices - both of which offer very limited restoration of hand function. Recent advances in robotics technology have enabled multigrasp hand prostheses which hold the promise of greatly enhancing functional replacement of the missing hand. Such prostheses, however, will not be useful without a user interface that enables the amputee to quickly, easily, and effectively assess the multigrasp capability of the hand. The investigators have developed a user interface for a multi- grasp prosthesis that (based on preliminary work) provides intuitive, real-time, direct control of multiple hand postures. The proposed control structure augments EMG information from the user with position and force in- formation from sensors in the hand, and leverages this combined information to provide a degree of semi- autonomous coordination, which in turn greatly simplifies the user's control of and interaction with the hand prosthesis. As such, the objective of the proposed work is to implement this multigrasp myoelectric control interface on a multigrasp hand prosthesis on five unilateral transradial amputee subjects, and assess the efficacy of the multigrasp hand when performing manual tasks, relative to their state-of-the-art single-grasp myoelectric prosthetic hands. The outcome of the efficacy study could either validate, or bring into question, the functional merit of multigrasp hand prostheses relative to the single-grasp state-of-the-art. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: As of 2005, there were approximately 41,000 persons living in the United States with major (i.e., excluding loss of fingers) upper limb amputations. Current hand prostheses offer these amputees very limited restoration of hand function. This study proposes a prosthetic hand and interface controller that could provide considerably improved restoration of hand function, and thus could offer considerably improved quality of life for upper extremity amputees.