Blood Coagulation Monitoring at the Point of Care

描述：该项目的目标是开发和验证一种手持传感器，用于快速和全面地评估患者的凝血状态。凝血功能受损或凝血障碍，由严重创伤、手术或疾病相关的几种情况引起，可导致危及生命的出血或血栓性疾病。凝血功能不足会导致“低凝”状态，导致失控出血，这可能会导致严重的贫血、休克和多器官衰竭。在其他情况下，凝血缺陷可能表现为高凝状态，导致凝血增加，可能导致潜在的致命并发症，如深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞。在手术、创伤护理和慢性病治疗过程中，临床医生经常遇到在出血和凝血之间保持不稳定平衡的挑战性任务。因此，为了达到最佳的治疗效果，早期发现凝血缺陷并在治疗过程中进行凝血监测至关重要。不幸的是，凝血功能受损的诊断和治疗监测目前是有问题的，因为标准实验室测试的周转时间很长。我们的建议直接解决了尚未满足的临床需求，即开发和转换一种手持式、便携式凝血传感器，称为光学血栓弹性成像(OTEG)，用于护理点使用。这项技术需要在一个小盒子里放几滴血。一个激光光源照射血液样本，一台cmos摄像机成像随时间从样本反射的激光散斑图案。通过实时分析激光散斑强度的波动，我们可以测量血液在凝固过程中的粘弹性性质，并恢复关于多个凝血指标的信息。OTEG设备还将提供实时测量血小板聚集的能力，以诊断患者的血小板功能受损。结果, 使用一台只需几滴血的便携式设备，OTEG可以在几分钟内实现对凝血时间、凝块粘弹性和形成率、纤维蛋白原、纤溶和血小板功能等多项参数的综合评估。为了验证该装置，我们将进行研究，通过与标准血栓弹性图和实验室测试的比较来测试OTEG的准确性。在我们工作的最后阶段，我们将进行一项临床研究，以评估OTEG在临床点患者凝血监测中的应用。

DESCRIPTION: The goal of this project is to develop and validate a hand-held sensor for the rapid and comprehensive assessment of coagulation status in patients. Impaired blood coagulation or coagulopathy, results from several conditions associated with severe trauma, surgery or illness, and can cause life-threatening bleeding or thrombotic disorders. Deficient coagulation can lead to 'hypocoagulable' states resulting in uncontrolled bleeding, which may cause severe anemia, shock and multiple organ failure. In other cases, coagulation defects may manifest as 'hypercoagulable' states, causing increased clotting that can result in potentially fatal complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. During surgery, trauma care and chronic disease management, clinicians often encounter the challenging task of maintaining a precarious balance between bleeding and coagulation. In order to achieve optimal outcome, the early detection of coagulation defects and coagulation monitoring during therapy is therefore essential. Unfortunately, the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of impaired coagulation is currently problematic because of the long turn-around time of standard laboratory tests. Our proposal directly addresses the unmet clinical need to develop and translate a hand-held, portable coagulation sensor, termed Optical Thromboelastography (OTEG) for point of care use. The technique involves placing a few drops of blood in a small cartridge. A laser source illuminates the blood sample and a CMOS camera images laser speckle patterns reflected from the sample over time. By analyzing laser speckle intensity fluctuations in real-time, we can measure blood viscoelastic properties during coagulation and recover information about multiple coagulation metrics. The OTEG device will also provide the capability to measure platelet aggregation in real- time to diagnose impaired platelet function in patients. As a result, using a single portable device with a few drops of blood, OTEG can achieve the comprehensive assessment of multiple parameters: clotting time, clot viscoelasticity and formation rate, fibrinogen, fibrinolysis and platelet function, within a few minutes. To validate the device, we wil perform studies to test the accuracy of OTEG via comparison with standard thromboelastography and laboratory tests. In the final phase of our work, we will conduct a clinical study to evaluate the utility of OTEG for coagulation monitoring in patients at the point f care.