Center for Native Oral Health Research (CNOHR)

描述(申请人提供)：这个旨在减少口腔健康差距的研究中心将重点关注美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AI/ANS)的口腔健康问题，并将被称为原住民口腔健康研究中心(CNOHR)。首席研究员是朱迪思·E·N·阿尔比诺博士，科罗拉多大学荣誉校长，美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民项目(AIANP)和颅面生物学教授，以及一名健康心理学家。她将领导研究项目管理中心(RPAC)。Spero Manson博士，AIANP教授兼负责人，医学人类学家，将担任联合调查员，并领导RPAC内的社区联络和传播核心。科罗拉多州健康结果项目生物统计学家、博士、教授威廉·亨德森将领导统计和数据协调中心(S和DCC)。CNOHR对长期的口腔健康差异采取了全面的方法，最初的重点是口腔感染以及行为因素和共病的关键作用。跨学科团队包括在人类学、生物统计学、牙科、经济学、医学、心理学和公共卫生方面接受过培训的科学家，并得到经验丰富的项目管理和技术团队的支持。最初的三个项目侧重于龋齿和牙周病，并通过扩大现有服务及其使用以及增加预防服务和促进口腔健康进行干预。第一个研究部分(RC1)测试了对北部平原保护区的孕妇/新生儿母亲的干预，重点是在预防ECC方面使用激励性访谈。RC2是两种方法的随机临床试验，用于治疗患有2型糖尿病的美国西南部印第安人的牙周病。RC3是一项服务交付干预措施的测试，部落/社区成员接受培训，使用含氟清漆，并为参加保留地印度Head Start计划的3-5岁儿童及其父母提供个性化的口腔健康教育。发展研究计划将通过社区参与和规划活动以及重大项目的初步结果，为新调查人员提出的试点工作提供机会。传播的重点将包括旨在提高社区认识和影响卫生政策的活动。关于参与部落和社区的大量先前经验已经形成了CNOHR的方法和途径，社区对规划的持续参与将继续影响区域合作框架的实施。一个强大的培训和职业发展经验计划将包括为中学生、本科生、专业和研究生以及博士后水平的学生提供指导和支持，重点是招募AI/AN调查人员进行口腔健康差异研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Center for Research to Reduce Disparities in Oral Health will focus on oral health concerns of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and will be known as the Center for Native Oral Health Research (CNOHR). The Principal Investigator is Judith E. N. Albino, PhD, President Emeritus of the University of Colorado and Professor, American Indian/Alaska Native Programs (AIANP) and Craniofacial Biology, and a health psychologist. She will lead the Research Program Administrative Center (RPAC). Dr. Spero Manson, PhD, Professor and Head, AIANP, and a medical anthropologist, will serve as Co-Investigator and lead the Community Liaison and Dissemination Core within RPAC. Biostatistician William Henderson, PhD, Professor, Colorado Health Outcomes Program, will lead the Statistics and Data Coordinating Center (S&DCC). CNOHR takes a comprehensive approach to oral health disparities in the long term, with an initial focus on oral infections and key roles of behavioral factors and comorbidities. The interdisciplinary team includes scientists trained in anthropology, biostatistics, dentistry, economics, medicine, psychology, and public health, supported by experienced project management and technology teams. The three initial projects focus on caries and periodontal disease, and intervene by extending current services and their use as well as adding prevention services and oral health promotion. The first Research Component (RC1) tests an intervention with pregnant women/mothers of newborns on a Northern Plains Reservation, which is focused on the use of motivational interviewing in prevention of ECC. RC2 is a randomized clinical trial of two methods for treating periodontal disease in Southwestern American Indians who also have Type 2 diabetes mellitus. RC3 is a test of a service delivery intervention in which tribal/community members are trained to apply fluoride varnish and deliver personalized oral health education for 3-5 year old children and their parents enrolled in reservation-based Indian Head Start programs. A Developmental Research Program will offer opportunities to pilot work suggested by new investigators, by community participation and planning activities, and by preliminary results of major projects. A focus on dissemination will include activities aimed at increasing community awareness and influencing health policy. Considerable prior experience with the participating tribes and communities has shaped the CNOHR methods and approaches, and ongoing community participation in planning will continue to influence the implementation of the RCs. A robust program of training and career development experiences will include mentoring and support for students at the secondary, undergraduate, professional and graduate, and post-doctoral levels, with emphasis on recruiting AI/AN investigators to oral health disparities research.