Polyketides via C-C Coupling of Alcohols: Green Chemistry.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们报告了一种广泛的新型金属催化C-C键形成-醇和？的直接C-C偶联。不饱和化合物这些方法能够从醇氧化水平进行羰基加成，并提供通常使用化学计量的预金属化亲核试剂（例如烯丙基金属试剂）制备的手性结构单元。然而，与经典方法不同，我们报告的醇C-C偶联过程规避了生成醛亲电体所需的离散氧化还原操作，并且它们避免了生成摩尔量的金属副产物。在这里，我们提出了第一个系统的调查“醇不饱和的C-C耦合”，并演示了如何这样的过程大大简化了聚酮化合物的天然产物，这是一类重要的FDA批准的治疗药物的合成。 确定的催化对映选择性过程OH [Ir（cod）Cl] 2（2.5 mol%）OH AcO（R）-Cl，MeO-BIPHEP（5 mol%）R R m-NO2 BzOH（10 mol%）Cs2 CO 3（20 mol%）100 mol% 10 equiv. THF（0.2 M），100 oC 51-83%产率或200 mol% 86-95% ee 不同的R2 R1不饱和R1手性配体Me或来自烯烃的改性剂R2 OH [Ir（cod）Cl]2（2.5摩尔%）OH AcO（S）-SEGPHOS（5摩尔%）R R Me 4-CN-3-NO2 BzOH（10摩尔%）Me Cs2 CO 3（20摩尔%）100摩尔% 200摩尔% THF（1.0 M），90 oC 61-73%产率86-97% ee 5：1-8：1dr OH R2 OH OH OH R2 R1 R1 R1 R2 R1 Me R2 R3 R3 Me来自二烯来自丙二烯来自炔来自烯R2 R2 R2 R2 R3 R3

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We report a broad, new class of metal-catalyzed C-C bond formations - the direct C-C coupling of alcohols and ?-unsaturated compounds. These processes enable carbonyl addition from the alcohol oxidation level and provide access to chiral building blocks that are typically prepared using stoichiometric quantities of pre-metallated nucleophiles (e.g. allylmetal reagents). However, unlike classical approaches, the alcohol C-C coupling processes we report circumvent discrete redox manipulations required for generation of aldehyde electrophiles, and they avoid the generation of molar quantities of metallic byproducts. Here, we propose the first systematic investigations into "alcohol-unsaturated C-C coupling" and demonstrate how such processes dramatically simplify the synthesis of polyketide natural products, which are an important class of FDA-approved therapeutic agents. Established Catalytic Enantioselective Processes OH [Ir (cod) Cl] 2 (2.5 mol%) OH AcO (R)-Cl,MeO-BIPHEP (5 mol%) R R m-NO2BzOH (10 mol%) Cs2CO3 (20 mol%) 100 mol% 10 equiv. THF (0.2 M), 100 oC 51-83% Yield or 200 mol% 86-95% ee Proposed Catalytic Enantioselective Processes OH MLn (cat.) Diverse R2 R1 Unsaturates R1 Chiral Ligand Me or Modifier From Olefins R2 OH [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (2.5 mol%) OH AcO (S)-SEGPHOS (5 mol%) R R Me 4-CN-3-NO2BzOH (10 mol%) Me Cs2CO3 (20 mol%) 100 mol% 200 mol% THF (1.0 M), 90 oC 61-73% Yield 86-97% ee 5:1-8:1dr OH R2 OH OH OH R2 R1 R1 R1 R2 R1 Me R2 R3 R3 Me From Dienes From Allenes From Alkynes From Enynes R2 R2 R2 R2 R3 R3