Air pollution effects on asthma and lung function in Hispanic children

描述(由申请人提供)： 到目前为止，拉美裔美国人在进行的空气污染研究中几乎没有受到直接关注，尽管他们是一个日益增长的少数群体，现在代表着美国许多地区的多数人口。自我认同的拉美裔美国人是一个异质群体，其祖先(以及相应的暴露和健康分布)在不同个体之间存在很大差异。在这个项目中，我们将解决以下四个假设：“假设1： 西班牙裔白人(HW)儿童比非西班牙裔白人(NHW)儿童更容易受到空气污染的影响。假设2：HHW儿童的空气污染对儿童哮喘和肺功能发育的影响比NHW儿童更大。“假设3：拉美裔美国人的潜在祖先与儿童时期暴露在空气污染中的差异有关。”假设4：准确评估拉美裔人口中的空气污染风险需要考虑潜在祖先可能产生的混淆和修正影响。为了解决这些假设，我们将利用儿童健康研究(CHS)中的现有数据，包括超过12,000名儿童的纵向呼吸道健康数据，其中40%(4,800)为西班牙裔。我们将利用16年来记录的大量空气污染数据，研究几种标准污染物的暴露和对健康的影响，包括PM10、PM2.5、NO2和O3，以及与交通暴露有关的其他污染物(例如，NO、元素碳、金属)。我们还将利用现有的基因型数据来准确地描述我们拉美裔人口中的祖先异质性。我们将研究这种异质性如何与污染暴露相关，进而如何影响人口水平的风险估计。我们将使用复杂的统计模型，并在我们的分析中仔细考虑广泛的其他辅助因素(例如社会经济地位、二手烟烟雾)。该项目的成功完成将极大地促进我们对拉美裔美国人的空气污染暴露和相应的健康影响的了解，拉美裔美国人是美国庞大且不断增长的人口。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hispanic-Americans have received little direct attention in air-pollution studies conducted to date, despite the fact that they are a growing minority and now represent the majority population in many areas of the United States. Self-identified Hispanics are a heterogeneous population with ancestries (and corresponding exposure and health distributions) that vary substantially across individuals. In this project, we will address the following four hypotheses: " Hypothesis 1: Hispanic white (HW) children are more highly exposed to air pollution than non-Hispanic white (NHW) children. " Hypothesis 2: The effect of air pollution on childhood asthma and lung function development is greater in HW children than in NHW children. "Hypothesis 3: Underlying ancestry within Hispanics is associated with differences in childhood exposure to air pollution." Hypothesis 4: Accurate assessment of air pollution risks in a Hispanic population requires accounting for the possible confounding and modifying effects of underlying ancestry. To address these hypotheses, we will capitalize on existing data in the Children's Health Study (CHS), including longitudinal respiratory health data on over 12,000 children, with 40% (4,800) of Hispanic descent. We will utilize extensive air pollution data recorded over 16 years to study exposures and health effects of several criteria pollutants, including PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and O3, and additional pollutants related to traffic exposure (e.g. NO, elemental carbon, metals). We will also utilize existing genotype data to accurately characterize the ancestral heterogeneity within our Hispanic population. We will examine how that heterogeneity relates to pollution exposure and in turn how it affects population-level estimates of risk. We will use sophisticated statistical models and will carefully consider a wide range of additional cofactors (e.g. socio- economic status, second-hand tobacco smoke) in our analyses. Successful completion of this project will significantly advance our understanding of air pollution exposures and corresponding health effects in Hispanics, a large and growing population in the United States.