Sun Safety Ink A Skin Cancer Prevention Program for the Tattoo Community

描述(由申请人提供)：皮肤癌预防是国家的优先事项，特别是对年轻人来说。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌每年发生200多万例，黑色素瘤几十年来以每年4%的速度增长，给国家卫生系统带来了负担。皮肤癌可以通过减少暴露在紫外线辐射(UVR)中的主要危险因素来预防。然而，尽管开展了许多公共卫生活动来促进皮肤癌的预防，皮肤癌的发病率仍在继续上升。许多成年人没有遵循推荐的全面防晒安全措施，例如在暴露之前涂抹防晒霜，在户外重复涂抹超过2小时，使用物理上阻止UVR的衣服，戴宽边帽子，或在可用时寻找阴凉处。在年轻人中，阳光安全措施的发生率尤其低。众所周知，需要继续努力促进皮肤癌的预防。我们建议开发太阳安全油墨！(SSI！)，这是一个针对有执照的纹身沙龙客户的皮肤癌预防计划。许多美国成年人(25%)现在有纹身，年轻人比老年人更有可能纹身。纹身沙龙被选为这项研究的独特场所，因为纹身后护理建议可以包括防晒，而沙龙提供了一个接触到更年轻的成年人的机会，这些年轻人明显不太可能实践防晒安全。有纹身的人需要采取预防措施，不仅要保护他们的皮肤免受UVR的伤害，还要减少纹身的损害。因此，沙龙提供了一个潜在的有效环境，因为全面的皮肤癌预防实践与纹身后护理建议是兼容的。在类似的场所，如美容院和理发店，也成功地进行了健康宣传。然而，关于纹身人群的阳光安全做法的信息有限， 纹身后护理建议，以及通过纹身沙龙促进防晒安全的有效方法。因此，这项探索性研究的目的是：(1)确定接触纹身沙龙客户的最有效方法；(2)制定评估纹身个人防晒做法的措施；以及(3)创建和评估在该场所推广全面皮肤癌预防的原型材料。我们建议的探索性研究包括：成立一个由皮肤癌专家和纹身沙龙老板组成的专家咨询委员会，就SSI的发展和实施提供建议；对纹身艺术家进行半结构化访谈，向他们的客户推荐防晒安全的策略；以及与纹身个人组成焦点小组，了解他们的防晒安全做法。我们还将制定措施，通过在线调查来评估纹身人群中的阳光安全做法和态度。我们将开发原型材料，并在两家纹身店进行试点测试；我们将调查客户以评估计划材料，并评估有关阳光安全的知识、行为和态度的变化。这项重要而必要的探索性研究将为我们提供必要的信息来开发测试SSI的R01应用程序！在未来的随机对照试验中。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Skin cancer prevention is a national priority, particularly for young adults. Over 2 million cases of non- melanoma skin cancers occur annually and melanoma increased 4% each year for decades, burdening the nation's health system. Skin cancer can be prevented by decreasing the primary risk factor - exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Yet, despite numerous public health campaigns to promote skin cancer prevention, rates continue to rise. Many adults do not follow recommended comprehensive sun safety practices such as applying sunscreen before exposure, reapplying when outdoors for over 2 hours, using clothing that physically blocks UVR, wearing wide-brimmed hats, or seeking shade when available. Sun safety practices are particularly low in young adults. It is well established that continued efforts to promote skin cancer prevention are needed. We propose to develop Sun Safety INK! (SSI!), a skin cancer prevention program targeted to clients of licensed tattoo salons. Many American adults (25%) now have a tattoo with younger adults more likely to be tattooed than older adults. Tattoo salons have been selected as the unique venue for this study because tattoo aftercare recommendations can include sun protection, and salons offer an opportunity to reach younger adults who are significantly less likely to practice sun safety. Individuals with tattoos need to take precautions not only to protec their skin from harmful UVR but also to reduce tattoo damage. Thus, salons provide a potentially effective environment because comprehensive skin cancer prevention practices are compatible with tattoo aftercare recommendations. Successful health promotions have been conducted in similar venues such as beauty parlors and barbershops. However, limited information is available on the sun safety practices of the tattooed population, the consistency of tattoo aftercare recommendations, and effective methods for promoting sun safety through tattoo salons. Consequently, the aims of this exploratory study are to: (1) determine the most effective means to reach clients of tattoo salons, (2) develop measures to assess sun protection practices of tattooed individuals, and (3) create and evaluate prototype materials for promotion of comprehensive skin cancer prevention in this venue. The exploratory research we propose includes: the establishment of an Expert Advisory Board of skin cancer experts and tattoo salon owners to provide advice on the development and implementation of SSI; semi-structured interviews with tattoo artists on strategies for recommending sun safety to their clientele; and, focus groups with tattooed individuals about their sun safety practices. We will also develop measures to assess sun safety practices and attitudes among the tattooed population with an online survey. Prototype materials will be developed and a pilot test will be implemented in two tattoo parlors; we will survey clients to evaluate program materials and assess changes in knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes about sun safety. This important and necessary exploratory research will provide us with the requisite information to develop an R01 application to test SSI! in a future randomized controlled trial.