Minority AIDS Research Initiative

该提案回应了类别5--“卫生服务研究以评估 基于牙科、药房或其他非传统场所的艾滋病毒检测的可行性 以及在服务不足的社区中与护理机会的联系“列在资金中 宣布RFA-PS-11-003，少数民族艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究倡议(MARI)，以建设能力 在黑人和西班牙裔社区以及黑人和西班牙裔研究人员中进行 艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病学和预防研究。 最近引入的快速艾滋病毒检测提供了一种特别有希望的筛查方法 以促进艾滋病毒感染的早期诊断。2006年9月，美国疾病控制与预防中心 美国疾病控制与预防中心发布了新的检测指南，将携带艾滋病毒列为优先事项 对门诊医疗机构进行筛查。2008年12月，美国理工学院 医生和艾滋病药物协会发表了一份指导声明，建议 应鼓励所有13岁以上的患者至少接受一次艾滋病毒检测。 由疾病预防控制中心、全国社区卫生协会组织的几次全国性会议 各中心和各州牙科协会已经讨论了在 牙齿护理环境。一些牙医也开始在他们的诊所提供艾滋病毒快速检测。 然而，尽管取得了这些进展，但目前几乎没有可用的数据来说明 提供这样的服务。一个特别令人感兴趣的领域是，患者并不指望 在牙科护理环境中提供艾滋病毒检测，因此在以下情况下可能不接受此类服务 出价了。这一直是牙医在考虑在牙科医生中提供艾滋病毒检测时的一个担忧 护理环境。 为了满足这种对信息的需求，我们建议探索患者对口腔艾滋病毒的看法 牙科护理环境中的快速检测。我们将进行一系列的病人面谈， 牙科记录审查，以及与牙医和牙科卫生员的定性访谈，至1) 确定患者在牙科护理环境中接受口服HIV快速检测的比率 当牙医或牙科保健员提供时，2)描述患者报告的原因 接受或拒绝在牙科护理环境中进行口腔艾滋病毒快速检测的提议，以及3) 描述牙医和牙科卫生员对提供和实施快速口服艾滋病毒的态度 在牙齿护理环境中进行测试。这项研究收集的数据将被用来告知公众 卫生官员、牙科保健专业人员、政策制定者和研究人员关于因素的讨论 这与患者在牙科护理环境中接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测有关。这个 研究还将有助于确定最倾向于接受艾滋病毒的患者的环境和/或群体 在牙科保健环境中进行快速测试，并将提供与资源分配相关的结果。 拟议的项目将是迈阿密大学米勒学院 医疗、杰西·特里斯社区卫生中心和关怀资源公司，都在迈阿密- 佛罗里达州戴德县。玛格丽特·佩雷拉博士，多米尼加裔美国人， 迈阿密大学米勒医学院的流行病学和公共卫生 作为首席研究员，将由流行病学教授丽莎·梅奇博士指导 和公共卫生，在美国国立卫生研究院和疾控中心资助的艾滋病毒研究方面拥有17年以上的经验 预防和护理研究。

This proposal responds to the category number 5 - "Health Services Research to Assess Feasibility of Dental-based, Pharmacy-based, or other Non-traditional Venue-based HIV Testing and Linkage to Care Opportunities in Underserved Communities" listed in the funding announcement RFA-PS-11-003, Minority HIV/AIDS Research Initiative (MARI) to Build Capacity in Black and Hispanic Communities and Among Black and Hispanic Researchers to Conduct HIV/AIDS Epidemiologic and Prevention Research. The recent introduction of rapid HIV testing offers an especially promising screening approach for facilitating earlier diagnosis of HIV infection. In September, 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released new testing guidelines making it a priority to bring HIV screening into outpatient health care settings. In December, 2008, the American College of Physicians and HIV Medicine Association issued a guidance statement that recommended that all patients over the age of 13 should be encouraged to receive an HIV test at least once. Several national meetings organized by the CDC, the National Association of Community Health Centers and state dental associations have discussed the roll-out of rapid HIV testing in the dental care setting. Some dentists have also begun to offer HIV rapid testing in their practices. Yet, despite these advances, little data are currently available that inform the feasibility of offering such services. One area of particular interest is that patients do not expect to be offered HIV testing in the dental care setting, and therefore may not accept such services if offered. This has been a concern for dentists in considering offering HIV testing in the dental care setting. To fill this need for information, we propose to explore patients' perspectives about oral HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting. We will conduct a combination of patient interviews, dental record reviews, and qualitative interviews with dentists and dental hygienists to 1) determine the rate at which patients accept an oral HIV rapid test in the dental care setting when offered by a dentist or dental hygienist, 2) describe the reasons patients report for accepting or rejecting an offer of an oral HIV rapid test in the dental care setting, and 3) describe dentists' and dental hygienists' attitudes toward offering and conducting oral HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting. The data collected in this study will be used to inform public health officials, dental care professionals, policymakers and researchers about factors associated with patients' acceptance of oral rapid HIV testing in the dental care setting. The study will also help to identify settings and/or groups of patients most inclined to accept HIV rapid testing in the dental care setting and will provide findings relevant to resource allocation. The proposed project will be a collaboration among the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, the Jessie Trice Community Health Center, and Care Resource, Inc., all in Miami- Dade County, Florida. Dr. Margaret Pereyra, a Dominican-American Assistant Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, will serve as Principal Investigator and will be mentored by Dr. Lisa Metsch, Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health, with over 17 years of experience in conducting NIH and CDC-funded HIV prevention and care research.