Green stormwater infrastructure: An unrecognized opportunity to manage mosquito-b

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究是一项先导研究，旨在探讨绿色雨水基建对城市生态系统中西尼罗病毒（WNV）蚊媒的生态及管理的潜在影响。西尼罗河病毒引起了美国历史上最大规模的虫媒病毒性脑炎流行，城市雨水结构倾向于支持大量媒介库蚊和Cx。餐馆助长了这些流行病。目前，通过向城市雨水设施投放幼虫特异性杀虫剂（即杀幼虫剂）来抑制病媒种群是预防和管理西尼罗河病毒流行的主要战略之一。然而，尽管采取了这种广泛的战略，蚊子和西尼罗河病毒疫情仍然是城市生态系统中一个紧迫的公共卫生挑战。虽然雨水管理领域正在迅速发展，包括绿色基础设施（GI）工具，以减少进入城市风暴和化粪池下水道系统的径流和污染物的数量，但很少有人关注这些变化将如何影响病媒的产生、病媒控制以及最终人类暴露于蚊媒病原体的风险。该项目将利用两个“自然”实验来量化如何用渗透集水区（I-CBs）和雨水取代传统的雨水集水区

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a pilot study to investigate the potential impacts of green stormwater infrastructure on the ecology and management of mosquito vectors of West Nile Virus (WNV) in urban ecosystems. WNV has caused the largest arboviral encephalitis epidemic in U.S. history, and the propensity of urban stormwater structures to support large populations of the vectors Culex pipiens and Cx. restuans has contributed to these epidemics. At present, suppression of vector populations via the delivery of larva-specific insecticides (i.e. larvicides) to urban stormwater structures is one of the primary strategies for prevention and management of WNV epidemics. However, despite this widespread strategy, mosquito and WNV outbreaks continue to be a pressing public health challenge in urban ecosystems. While the field of stormwater management is rapidly evolving to include Green Infrastructure (GI) tools that reduce the volume of runoff and contaminants entering municipal storm and septic sewer systems, scant attention has been paid to how these changes will influence vector production, vector control and ultimately human risk of exposure to mosquito-borne pathogens. This project will take advantage of two "natural" experiments to quantify how replacement of traditional storm water catch basins with infiltration catch basins (I-CBs) and rain gardens associated with catch basins (RG-CBs) will affect the ecology and management of mosquito vectors in the City of Aurora, IL. Our overall aims are to a) determine if GI infrastructure tools (I-CBs and RG-CBs) accumulate or retain an insufficient volume of water to allow juvenile mosquitoes to complete development; b) determine if GI infrastructure tools increase the efficacy and duration of a sustained-release larvicide formulation; and c) determine if the neighborhood-scale implementation of a GI tool reduces the abundance of adult vector mosquitoes. The findings from this study may provide new insights for understanding the potential of GI practices to complement Integrated Vector Management practices in urban ecosystems by: a) reducing the quantity or quality of habitats suitable for mosquito development (i.e. source reduction), b) extending the efficacy of sustained-release larvicides used to control mosquito development in catch basins, and c) diminishing public health risks from exposure to insecticides and to vector- borne pathogens.