Translational Drug Abuse Prevention Center

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的P50中心，转化性药物滥用预防(TDAP)的目的是作为一个国家资源，为药物滥用方面的尖端、多学科、科学创新和协同的第一类和第二类药物滥用转换预防研究提供种子，为儿童福利系统(CWS)未来的研究、实践和政策提供种子。参与CWS的儿童和青少年，以及在CWS参与后被收养的儿童和青少年，吸毒、艾滋病毒风险以及相关问题(包括犯罪和精神健康不良)的风险大大增加。TDAP中心将扩展我们以前在药物滥用预防方面的工作，并通过一个跨越I型和II型预防研究的综合研究计划，扩大我们在这一领域的基础和干预工作的覆盖范围和影响，这将增加我们在三个对CWS政策和实践有直接影响的关键领域的理解：(1)了解与暴露于高水平的早期生活逆境相关的潜在机制和过程，以及具体到某些社会环境中的高风险决策，这些在CWS的青年在青春期很常见；(2)通过新颖的预防干预策略，降低CWS青春期女孩的高吸毒率和参与艾滋病毒危险行为的比例；以及(3)确定将现有的基于证据的干预措施高保真地实施到CWS现实世界环境中的方法，并在公共儿童福利系统发起的改革的背景下对实施成功/失败进行经验衡量。上述研究部分将得到方法学和统计核心的支持，该核心将促进对收到的数据进行综合定性和定量分析，并将新数据与我们现有的大量CWS研究数据资源相结合。试点和培训核心将支持开展小规模研究，以导致由早期职业生涯和少数群体研究人员领导的创新的新的独立研究项目，这些研究人员在预防药物滥用和艾滋病毒风险领域在CWS。最后，行政核心将在中心内提供领导，与由CWS领导人和政策制定者专家组成的外部咨询委员会建立联系，并促进对早期职业科学家的培训和指导。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed P50 Center, Translational Drug Abuse Prevention (TDAP), is to serve as a national resource for cutting-edge, multidisciplinary, scientifically innovative and synergistic Type I and II translational prevention research in drug abuse that seeds future research, practice, and policy in the child welfare system (CWS). Children and adolescents with involvement in the CWS, and those adopted following CWS involvement, are at greatly elevated risk for drug use, HIV-risk, and associated problems including delinquency and poor mental health. The TDAP Center will extend our previous work on drug abuse prevention and broaden the reach and impact of our basic and intervention work in this area through an integrated program of research spanning Type I and Type II prevention research that will increase our understanding in three key areas that have direct effects on CWS policy and practice: (1) Understanding of underlying mechanisms and processes associated with exposure to high levels of early life adversity, and specific to risky decision-making in certain social contexts that are common for CWS youth during early adolescence; (2) reducing the high rates of drug use and engagement in HIV-risk behaviors in adolescent girls in the CWS via novel preventive intervention strategies; and (3) identifying methods for implementing extant evidence-based interventions into CWS real-world settings with high fidelity and empirically measuring implementation success/failure in the context of a public child welfare system-initiated reform. The above Research Components will be supported by a Methodology and Statistics Core that will facilitate integrated qualitative and quantitative analyses of the incoming data, as well as integrate the new data with our large existing data resource of CWS studies. A Pilot and Training Core will support the development of small-scale studies designed to lead to innovative, new independent research projects led by early career, and minority researchers in the area of prevention of drug abuse and HIV-risk in the CWS. Finally, an Administrative Core will provide leadership within the Center, interface with an external Advisory Board comprised of experts in CWS leaders and policy makers, and facilitate training and mentoring of Early Career Scientists.