Development of energy harvesters for powering leadless pacemakers from myocardial motion
Development of energy harvesters for powering leadless pacemakers from myocardial motion
批准号:
9388130
负责人:
M. Amin Karami
金额:
$18.37万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-07-01 至 2019-04-30
关键词:
Animal TestingArtificial cardiac pacemakerBody TemperatureCardiacCategoriesCicatrixClosure by clampCommunicationDevelopmentDevicesDimensionsElectricityElementsEnergy-Generating ResourcesEnsureEpicardiumFatigueFeedbackFutureGenerationsGoalsGuidelinesHarvestHeartHeart ContractilitiesHeart RateHemorrhageImplantIn VitroInfectionLifeLinkLiteratureLocationMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetismMechanicsMedical DeviceModelingModernizationMotionMyocardialOperative Surgical ProceduresOutcomeOutputPacemakersPatientsPerformancePeriodicityPower SourcesProceduresProcessProductionResearchRight ventricular structureRunningShapesSolidStructureSurgical suturesSystemTechnologyTestingTimeTissuesVariantVentricularbasecommercializationdensitydesignenergy densityexperimental studyheart motionin vivolung injurymodel designnovelpredicting responseprototyperegenerativeresearch clinical testingresponsetechnology developmentvibration
中文摘要
本项目研究通过机械转换为无导线心脏起搏器的连续供电
将心脏的能量转化为电能。这种能量转换过程称为振动能量收集。
压电振动能量采集器的核心元件是压电结构。 的
结构响应于环境振荡而共振,并且其机械振荡被转换为
通过压电现象产生电能。振动能产生的能量
收集通常在微瓦的数量级。如果使用EH代替电池为系统供电,
将是永久性的再生电源,不需要更换。EH是永久性的事实
电源对于无引线起搏器是有用的。 与传统起搏器不同,
起搏器在电池耗尽时不能从心脏中取出。大约七年后,
必须将新的无引线起搏器植入心脏中,其占据甚至更远的心室空间。 我们
已经表明,EH可以开发成通过转换为传统起搏器提供再生动力
心脏跳动引起的振动转化为电流。 这可以消除对周期性起搏器的需要
替代手术 无导线起搏器植入心脏,因此体积小得多
比传统的起搏器更好。这种尺寸限制要求微型EH。
我们的初步研究表明,振动EH可以有更大的功率密度比无引线起搏器
电池. 使用EH代替电池不仅会产生潜在的永久性无导线起搏器,
而且能够为起搏器增加更多的功能。该项目涉及系统的建模,设计,
优化、制造和测试无导线起搏器的许多EH设计。 由于典型的
无引线起搏器的形状是圆柱形的,EH元件的形状应该是三维的。这
将本项目中的EH设计与文献中的大多数EH设计(2D)分开。 的
所研究的EH分为两大类线性和非线性EH。 非线性EH更多
更先进更复杂 如果设计得当,非线性EH可以对心率非常鲁棒
变化. 所提出的线性EH是由多个连接梁组成的扇形折叠结构,
一端是自由的,另一端是自由的。 我们使用热屈曲和磁屈曲来诱导非线性,
非线性EH 开发能够准确预测EH响应的机电模型
设计是这个项目的主要目标。 这些模型将被用来优化设计的微型电动自行车。
每个EH设计的制造和实验测试(通过体外和动物测试)都将评估
模型和校准的性能的EH。该项目还包括广泛的可靠性分析,
确保EH的长使用寿命,并确保EH的足够发电量,
患者的心率和心脏收缩力。
英文摘要
This project investigates continuous powering of leadless cardiac pacemakers by conversion of mechanical
energy of the heart to electrical energy. This energy conversion process is called vibration energy harvesting.
The central element in piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters (EHs) is a piezoelectric structure. The
structure resonates in response to the ambient oscillations, and its mechanical oscillations are converted to
electrical energy through the piezoelectric phenomenon. The amounts of energy produced by vibration energy
harvesting are typically in the order of microwatts. If EHs are used instead of batteries to power a system, they
will be permanent regenerative power sources and will not need replacement. The fact that EHs are permanent
power sources is instrumental for leadless pacemakers. Unlike conventional pacemakers, leadless
pacemakers cannot be extracted from the heart when their batteries deplete. Thus after about seven years a
new leadless pacemaker must be implanted in the heart which occupies even further ventricular space. We
have shown that an EH can be developed to regeneratively power the conventional pacemakers by conversion
of heart beat induced vibrations to electricity. This could eliminate the need for periodic pacemaker
replacement surgeries. Leadless pacemakers are implanted in the heart and are thus substantially smaller
than conventional pacemakers. This size limit demanded miniature EHs.
Our preliminary studies show that vibration EHs can have larger power density than the leadless pacemaker
batteries. Using an EH instead of a battery will not only result in potentially permanent leadless pacemakers
but also enables adding more functions to the pacemaker. This project involves systematic modeling, design,
optimization, fabrication, and testing of a number of EH designs for leadless pacemakers. Since the typical
shape of a leadless pacemaker is cylindrical, the shape of the EH element should be three-dimensional. This
sets the EH designs in this project aside from the majority of the EH in the literature, which are 2D. The
investigated EHs are divided into two large categories of linear and nonlinear EHs. Nonlinear EHs are more
advanced and more complicated. If properly designed, nonlinear EHs can be very robust to heart rate
variations. The proposed linear EH is a fan-folded structure composed of multiple linked beams clamped at
one end and free at the other end. We use thermal and magnetic buckling to induce nonlinearity in the
nonlinear EH. Development of electromechanical models that can accurately predict the response of the EH
designs is a major goal of this project. These models will be used to optimally design the miniature EHs.
Fabrication and experimental testing of each EH design (through in vitro and animal tests) will both evaluate
the models and calibrate the performance of the EHs. The project also includes extensive reliability analyses to
ensure the long life time of the EH and to ascertain sufficient power production of the EH despite variations of
heart rate and heart contractility among patients.
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Development of energy harvesters for powering leadless pacemakers from myocardial motion
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批准号:9518907
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$21.97万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:M. Amin Karami
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依托单位: