Perceptions, Initiation, and Use of E-cigarettes Among Middle School Students: A New Generation of Tobacco Users?

项目摘要/摘要 年轻人正在以快速增长的速度使用电子烟[1，2]。不幸的是， 对于电子烟为什么吸引年轻人，电子烟的影响，人们缺乏科学知识. 香烟使用，以及电子烟营销如何影响青少年的信念、意图和意愿 使用这些新型烟草产品。由于电子烟不受监管，有一代青少年 从未见过的香烟被广泛推广，目前正在全球范围内接触电子烟营销 各种媒介。随着美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)采取行动监管电子烟，关键差距 在关于电子烟营销影响的研究文献中，获得产品，以及启动和 使用正在阻碍政策制定者。 研究的目的是：(1)调查终生使用电子烟的流行率和当前使用电子烟的模式 中学生(11-14岁)跨学年；(2)评估当前和预期的因素 与中学生开始和使用电子烟有关的问题，包括对风险、社会 用户形象、使用动机、使用意图和意愿、对产品的访问以及对 市场营销；以及(3)探索电子烟启动与共同使用或意愿和意图之间的联系 使用其他烟草产品以及因使用电子烟而对尼古丁依赖的症状。 与青少年烟草使用有关的其他因素，如种族/族裔和 文化适应，也将被考虑，以便提供电子烟和传统香烟之间的比较 烟草产品。 为了达到我们的目标，我们将在一个学年进行两次纵向的校本调查。 (秋季和春季)在两所中学(N=1150人，一半是西班牙裔)。根据从学校获得的信息 调查中，我们将选择电子烟使用者的一个子样本(N=60)进行深入访谈，以收集更多 有关电子烟使用情况的信息，以获取与其他人共同使用的顺序详细信息 烟草产品，并更深入地研究在这方面使用电子烟的吸引力和动机 人口。 该项目将直接促进目前对电子烟和青年的研究， 指导FDA未来的电子烟法规，并提供有助于开发电子烟的信息 针对青年的反营销战略以及限制未成年人使用电子烟的战略。会的 还有助于建立青少年冒险行为和新的烟草使用模式。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Youth are using electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) at a rapidly increasing rate [1, 2]. Unfortunately, there is a lack of scientific knowledge regarding why e-cigarettes are appealing to youth, the effects of e- cigarette use, and how e-cigarette marketing is influencing adolescents' beliefs, intentions, and willingness to use these novel tobacco products. Since e-cigarettes are unregulated, a generation of adolescents who have never seen cigarettes being widely promoted are currently being exposed to e-cigarette marketing across a wide variety of mediums. As the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) moves to regulate e-cigarettes, critical gaps in the research literature regarding the impact of e-cigarette marketing, access to products, and initiation and use are hindering policy makers. Study aims are to: (1) Examine prevalence of lifetime use and patterns of current use of e-cigarettes among middle school students (ages 11-14) across a school year; (2) Assess concurrent and prospective factors related to initiation and use of e-cigarettes among middle school students, including perceptions of risk, social images of users, motives for using, intentions and willingness to use, access to products, and exposure to marketing; and (3) Explore associations between e-cigarette initiation and co-use or willingness and intentions to use other tobacco products as well as symptoms of dependence on nicotine as a result of using e-cigarettes. Additional factors shown to be related to adolescent tobacco use, such as race/ethnicity and level of acculturation, will also be considered in order to provide a comparison between e-cigarettes and traditional tobacco products. To accomplish our aims, we will conduct two longitudinal school-based surveys across a school year (Fall and Spring) in two middle schools (N = 1,150; half Hispanic). Based on information obtained in the school surveys, we will select a subsample of e-cigarette users (N = 60) for in-depth interviews, to gather additional information on the contexts surrounding e-cigarette use, to obtain sequential details of co-use with other tobacco products, and to delve more deeply into the appeal and motivations to use e-cigarettes in this population. This project will directly contribute to the currently sparse body of research on e-cigarettes and youth, guide future e-cigarette regulation by the FDA, and provide information that can assist in the development of counter-marketing strategies targeting youth as well as strategies to limit minors' access to e-cigarettes. It will also contribute to models of adolescent risk taking and novel tobacco use.