Models of Demographic and Health Changes following Military Conflict

描述(由申请人提供)：本提案寻求资金，以(1)利用一个非同寻常的机会，为研究美国的长期人口和经济变化开发大规模的新数据基础设施，以及(2)使用这些新数据来调查19世纪下半叶美国的人口结构变化。调查人员将与Ancestry.com合作，扩展和增强明尼苏达州人口中心(MPC)目前正在建设的完整统计1850、1860、1870和1880综合公共使用微数据系列(IPUMS)人口普查数据库。该项目将增加50个未包括在初始数据收集工作中的人口普查领域，如职业、财富、入学率、识字率、疾病和残疾。个人将通过人口、死亡率和奴隶普查时间表以及三个普查间隔期联系在一起。这些改进将被添加到IPUMS中，并免费分发用于研究和教育目的。这些数据提供了有关关键社会和经济特征的最早信息，它们将为长期人口和经济变化的进程提供宝贵的洞察力。这些数据将成为国家统计基础设施的永久性和实质性补充，并将对社会科学和行为科学的研究产生深远影响。利用这一新资源，该项目将对美国内战时期的人口变化进行全面分析。仔细研究人口历史的关键拐点对于评估人口理论是至关重要的。内战和全国450万奴隶的解放是美国历史上最大的人口、经济和社会冲击。该项目的实质性部分集中在三个关键问题上，这些问题的后果仍然在21世纪的社会中产生共鸣：美国内战的人口成本和后果；非裔美国人对解放的人口反应；以及美国婚姻生育转型的开始。该项目将由一个经验丰富的研究人员团队执行，他们在大规模数据创建、集成、链接、传播和人口分析方面具有非凡的熟练程度。它将利用尖端技术以合理的成本处理海量数据。该项目是货币政策委员会与世界上最大的家谱数据生产商的合作，使稀缺资源得以经济高效地使用，为人口和卫生研究开发共享基础设施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks funding to (1) capitalize on an extraordinary opportunity to develop massive new data infrastructure for the study of long-term demographic and economic change in the U.S. and (2) use these new data to investigate the demographic transformation of the U.S. in the second half of the 19th century. The investigators will collaborate with Ancestry.com to expand and enhance the complete-count 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) census databases currently under construction at the Minnesota Population Center (MPC). The project will add 50 census fields not included in the initial data collection effort, such as occupation, wealth, school attendance, literacy, sickness, and disability. Individuals will be linked across the population, mortality, and slave census schedules and across the three intercensal intervals. These improvements will be added to IPUMS and freely disseminated for research and educational purposes. These data offer the earliest information available on key social and economic characteristics, and they will provide invaluable insight into processes of long-run demographic and economic change. The data will make a permanent and substantial addition to the nation's statistical infrastructure and will have far-reaching implications for research across the social and behavioral sciences. Leveraging this new resource, the project will undertake a comprehensive analysis of demographic change in the U.S. in the Civil War Era. Close examination of critical inflection points of demographic history is essential for evaluating demographic theory. The Civil War and emancipation of the nation's 4.5 million slaves was the largest demographic, economic, and social shock in U.S. history. The substantive component of the project focuses on three crucial issues whose consequences still resonate in 21st century society: the demographic costs and consequences of the American Civil War; African American demographic responses to emancipation; and the onset of the U.S. marital fertility transition. The project will be executed by a team of highly-experienced researchers with exceptional proficiency in large- scale data creation, integration, linkage, and dissemination and demographic analysis. It will leverage cutting- edge technology to process a vast volume of data at reasonable cost. The project is a collaboration of the MPC with the world's largest producer of genealogical data, allowing cost-effective use of scarce resources to develop shared infrastructure for population and health research.