Epigenetic regulation of cellular plasticity and cancer cell fate
Epigenetic regulation of cellular plasticity and cancer cell fate
批准号:
9390257
负责人:
Yang Shi
金额:
$75.37万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-08-25 至 2024-07-31
关键词:
Acute Myelocytic LeukemiaAddressAnimal Cancer ModelAnimalsBiochemicalBiological AssayBlood CellsCRISPR/Cas technologyCancer cell lineCell Differentiation processCell modelCellsChemicalsChildhoodChromatinClinicalDNADataDifferentiation TherapyDiffuse intrinsic pontine gliomaEpigenetic ProcessFutureGene TargetingGenesGeneticGliomaGoalsGrowthHistone H3ImpairmentInvestigationLeadMalignant NeoplasmsModelingMolecularMutatePatientsRegulationRegulator GenesSamplingValidationWorkactionable mutationauthoritybasebrain cellcancer cellcancer cell differentiationcell growthcell growth regulationcell typeepigenetic regulationepigenomeepigenomicsnew therapeutic targetpre-clinicalprogramsrapid growthscreeningself-renewalsmall molecule inhibitortherapeutic genetherapeutic target
中文摘要
摘要
癌症表观基因组是显著异常的,并且染色质因子通常在许多肿瘤中突变。
恶性肿瘤。最近的功能研究表明,染色质的错误调控可以促进去细胞分化
以及癌细胞的自我更新。然而,癌细胞命运程序的表观遗传机制是
人们对受损的人知之甚少。在这里,我的目标是解决这个问题,在两个癌症,这显然是由
染色质失调:急性髓性白血病(AML)和小儿高级别胶质瘤(HGG),如
弥漫性脑桥内胶质瘤(DIPG)。AML驱动突变通常涉及染色质易位
在80%的病例中,DIPG驱动突变发生在组蛋白H3中。AML和HGG均出现
在低分化的细胞中,我假设染色质因素有助于维持这些不正常的细胞,
差异化方案。“分化疗法”旨在通过诱导细胞成熟来治疗此类癌症,
阻止自我更新和扩散。虽然分化治疗仅用于
早幼粒细胞亚型AML(APL),我的初步数据表明,这种方法可能是成功的,
如果能够确定调节细胞命运的关键表观遗传程序,
被操纵了事实上,我们已经获得了有前途的小分子抑制剂和遗传学的线索。
促进差异化的目标。在这个建议中,我将采取类似的策略来审问表观遗传
AML和HGG癌细胞命运的基础。我的方法将涉及(1)整合表观基因组分析,
在遗传学定义的或患者来源的癌细胞系模型中诱导分化程序,
驱动因素,以确定癌细胞分化的“路线图”,(2)基于CRISPR-CRISPRCas 9-CRISPRCas 9-CRISPR-CRISPRCas 9-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPRCas 9-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPRCas 9-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRISPR-CRIS
筛选这些细胞模型以鉴定调节分化的染色质因子,(3)生物化学
分析以确定现有筛选命中和未来筛选中发现的分子机制
操纵染色质以影响癌细胞的命运,以及(4)在癌前临床动物模型中验证发现
和临床样品分析。虽然我将领导这次调查的各个方面,但我将得到来自
反洗钱和HGG领域的多个世界权威机构。最终,该项目的目标是确定新的治疗方法,
AML和HGG的目标和方法。在未来,我的目标是为这项工作打开大门,
使用表观遗传操作来治疗靶向癌细胞身份程序的可推广概念。
英文摘要
Abstract
The cancer epigenome is markedly aberrant, and chromatin factors are commonly mutated in many
malignancies. Recent functional studies suggest that chromatin mis-regulation can promote de-differentiation
and self-renewal of cancer cells. However, the epigenetic mechanisms by which cancer cell fate programs are
impaired are poorly understood. Here, I aim to address this question in two cancers that are clearly driven by
chromatin mis-regulation: acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and pediatric high grade gliomas (HGGs) such as
diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). AML driver mutations commonly involve translocations of chromatin
regulatory genes, and DIPG driver mutations occur in histone H3 in 80% of cases. Both AML and HGGs arise
in poorly-differentiated cells, and I hypothesize that chromatin factors help sustain these improper
differentiation programs. “Differentiation therapy” aims to treat such cancers by inducing cellular maturation to
disable self-renewal and halt proliferation. While differentiation therapy has only been used in the
promyelocytic subtype of AML (APL), my preliminary data suggest that this approach may be successful in
non-APL AMLs and HGGs if the critical epigenetic programs regulating cell fate can be identified and
manipulated. Indeed, we have already obtained leads on promising small molecule inhibitors and genetic
targets that promote differentiation. In this proposal, I will take similar strategies to interrogate the epigenetic
basis of AML and HGG cancer cell fate. My approach will involve (1) Integrative epigenomic profiling of
induced differentiation programs in genetically-defined or patient-derived cancer cell line models with relevant
drivers to identify a “roadmap” to cancer cell differentiation, (2) High throughput CRISPR-Cas9-based
screening of these cellular models to identify chromatin factors that regulate differentiation, (3) Biochemical
analyses to identify the molecular mechanisms by which existing screen hits and those found in future screens
manipulate chromatin to influence cancer cell fate, and (4) Validation of findings in pre-clinical animal models
and in clinical sample analyses. While I will lead all aspects of this investigation, I will have direct support from
several world authorities in AML and HGG. Ultimately, the goal of this project is to identify novel therapeutic
targets and approaches for AML and HGG. In the future, my aim is for this work to open the door to the
generalizable concept of using epigenetic manipulation to therapeutically target cancer cell identity programs.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
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海外基金