Midfield Wireless Powering and Communication System for Deeply Implanted, Minuscule Sensors

 描述（由申请人提供）：微电子和MEMS技术的进步为1毫米或更小尺度的传感设备铺平了道路，这允许通过导管或皮下注射针使用简化的艾德输送将设备植入与器官系统直接相互作用，但与它们供电或通信的技术仍然庞大且低效。这严重限制了它在家庭监控之外的使用。该提案的长期目标是开发一种紧凑且患者友好的监测系统，该系统可以无缝融入患者的日常生活，以便随时随地进行按需和实时疾病管理。所提出的方法将允许使用一个紧凑的和可伸缩的源结构，以电力和深植入，微小的传感器进行通信。这是通过最近在PI实验室中开发的中场无线供电方法实现的，该方法是一种利用电磁中场机制中的波-组织相互作用的无线接口，其性能比传统的无线系统高出几个数量级，而传统的无线系统在概念上忽略了组织环境。在这一令人兴奋的发展之后，我们将设计一种组合的功率收集结构和通信天线，其最大尺寸约为5 cm，并在复杂组织环境中的5 cm至15 cm深的操作范围内制造在可伸缩基底上。这种外部结构的场模式可以通过电子方式改变。我们将开发低延迟算法和低功耗收发器来定位传感器，而无需患者的任何干预。将无线接口与传感器接口集成在一个芯片上，我们试图展示一个高度小型化的传感系统。在圣犹达医疗用品有限公司的支持下，我们将测试和确认用于肺动脉压力监测的申报系统。此次演示的成功将为实时慢性疾病管理的新领域打开大门。除了感测和处理生理状态外，所提出的系统最终将结合刺激和驱动能力来响应疾病状态，从而实现闭环疾病治疗。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advances in microelectronics and MEMS technologies paved the way for sensing devices at the scale of a millimeter or less which allows the devices to be implanted for direct interaction with organ systems using simplified delivery vi a catheter or hypodermic needle, but technologies for powering or communicating with them remain bulky and inefficient. This severely limits its use beyond home monitoring. The long-term goal of this proposal is to develop a compact and patient friendly monitoring system that can assimilate seamlessly into patients' daily lives for on-demand and real-time disease management from anywhere at any time. The proposed method will allow the use of a compact and flexible source structure to power and communicate with deeply implanted, minuscule sensors. This is made possible by the recent development of midfield wireless powering approaches in the PI's laboratory, a wireless interface that exploits the wave-tissue interactions in the electromagnetic midfield regime, achieves orders of magnitude better performance than conventional wireless systems that conceptually ignore the tissue environment. Following on this exciting development, we will devise a combined power harvesting structure and communication antenna that is about 5 cm in the largest dimension and fabricated on a flexible substrate for an operational range of 5 cm to 15 cm deep in a complex tissue environment. The field patterns from this external structure can be electronically changed. We will develop low-latency algorithms and low-power transceivers to locate the sensor without the need of any intervention from the patient. Integrating the wireless interface with a sensor interface on a single chip, we seek to demonstrate a highly miniaturized sensing system. With the support from St. Jude Medical, we will test and validate the proposed system for pulmonary artery pressure monitoring. The success of this demonstration will open the door to a new realm of possibilities for real-time, chronic disease management. In addition to sense and process physiological states, the proposed system will eventually incorporate stimulation and actuation capabilities to respond to disease states, enabling closed-loop disease treatment.