An investigation of craving and cannabis misuse among young adults using multiple levels of analysis

项目摘要 大麻滥用是一种与大量负面生活结果相关的行为， 公共卫生问题。流行病学研究表明，大麻滥用在青年时期达到高峰， 被确定为干预的重要发展时期。许多年轻人使用大麻来科普 有不愉快的短暂经历，而那些经常经历更实质性的负面经历的人， 与大麻有关的精神健康后果。基于行为理论，以及非稳态模型（或 自我药疗假设），目前的药物滥用治疗包括关注以下内容的成分： 改善渴求管理，或调整人们与不愉快瞬间的回避关系 经验，如渴望和负面影响，并报告了积极的成果。现时的建议 将调查作为预测因素的渴望和影响的横截面回顾性和瞬时措施， 青年人使用大麻（目标1）。此外，本研究将调查假设的回顾性研究， 调节员，以确定渴望管理变量，或影响对渴望的反应的心理因素， 影响渴望和使用之间的关系（目标2）。最后，本研究将使用多层次建模 评估假设的瞬间渴望管理变量，这些变量影响 暂时的渴望和随后的使用，以及调查渴望作为协会的调解人 隐性风险因素与大麻使用之间的关系（目标3）。一组调查人员报告说， 年轻的成年大麻使用者之间暂时的渴望和随后的使用之间的关系。结果 这项研究计划将进一步调查这种关系，并加强目前的预防和 治疗努力，提供有关渴望相关变量的重要信息，这些变量可能会影响 发展和维持大麻滥用在年轻的成年。

PROJECT SUMMARY Cannabis misuse is a behavior associated with substantial negative life outcomes and is a growing public health concern. Epidemiology indicates cannabis misuse peaks during young adulthood, which has been identified as an important developmental period for intervention. Many young adults use cannabis to cope with unpleasant momentary experiences, and those who do frequently experience more substantial negative cannabis-related and mental health consequences. Based on behavioral theory, and the allostatic model (or self-medication hypothesis), current treatments for substance misuse incorporate components that focus on improving craving management, or adjusting peoples' avoidant relationship with unpleasant momentary experiences such as craving and negative affect, and have reported positive outcomes. The current proposal will investigate cross-sectional retrospective and momentary measures of craving and affect as predictors of cannabis use among young adults (Aim 1). In addition, this study will investigate hypothesized retrospective moderators to identify craving management variables, or psychological factors that affect responses to craving, that influence the relationship between craving and use (Aim 2). Finally, this study will use multilevel modeling to evaluate hypothesized momentary craving management variables that influence the relationship between momentary craving and subsequent use, as well as investigate craving as a mediator of the association between implicit risk factors and cannabis use (Aim 3). One team of investigators has reported a positive relationship between momentary craving and subsequent use among young adult cannabis users. Results from this program of research will investigate this relationship further, and enhance current prevention and treatment efforts by providing important information about craving-related variables that may influence the development and maintenance of cannabis misuse during young adulthood.