Sequestration Processes for Attenuation and Treatment of Arsenic and other Toxic Elements in Mine Waters

摘要（项目2：Bracheau、Field、Maier、Chorover） 酸性岩石排水对地表水和地下水的污染是主要的污染之一， 美国许多硬岩采矿场的环境问题。同时，成本效益高的治疗 将受采矿影响的沃茨降至保护人类健康和环境的水平是一个关键问题， 降低与硬岩采矿地点相关的风险。该项目的总体目标是调查 控制矿井排水迁移和衰减的关键物理和地球化学过程 地下水中的污染物，并开发和测试创新的方法来修复污染的地下水， 硬岩矿区的地下水。该项目采用了创新的方法， 控制污染物行为的生物地球化学过程，重点关注污染物的独特性质， 美国西南部矿区的固有条件。该项目针对主要地下水 这些地点的污染物，包括砷、铀和硫酸盐。该项目将推动 关于地下金属（loids）的运输和衰减的科学状态。这将改善 先进的地球化学模型的开发和参数化，并提高风险的准确性 评估。项目成果还将改善地下水的设计和实施， 补救工作。具体而言，原位生物螯合是存在的极少数选择之一， 修复大，深层地下水污染物羽流，形成在硬岩采矿场， 美国西南部。这种方法具有很大的潜力，但存在几个关键问题， 广泛接受和采用。这个项目将回答这些问题。预计该 项目成果的应用将为清理国家的库存节省大量费用， 矿山废弃地。

ABSTRACT (Project 2: Brusseau, Field, Maier, Chorover) Surface-water and groundwater contamination from acid rock drainage is one of the primary environmental concerns for many hardrock mining sites in the USA. Concomitantly, cost-effective treatment of mining-impacted waters to levels protective of human health and the environment is a critical issue for mitigating the risk associated with hardrock mining sites. The overall goals of this project are to investigate the key physical and biogeochemical processes that control migration and attenuation of mine-drainage contaminants in groundwater, and to develop and test innovative methods for remediation of contaminated groundwater at hardrock mining sites. The project incorporates innovative methods to examine the biogeochemical processes that control contaminant behavior, with a focus on the unique properties and conditions inherent to mining sites in the Southwestern US. The project targets the primary groundwater contaminants of concern at these sites, including arsenic, uranium, and sulfate. This project will advance the state of the science regarding the transport and attenuation of metal(loids) in the subsurface. This will improve the development and parameterization of advanced biogeochemical models, and enhance the accuracy of risk assessments. The project outcomes will also improve the design and implementation of groundwater remediation efforts. Specifically, in-situ biosequestration is one of the very few options that exist for remediation of the large, deep groundwater contaminant plumes that form at hardrock mining sites in the Southwestern US. This method has great potential, but several critical questions exist as barriers to widespread acceptance and adoption. This project will answer these questions. It is anticipated that the application of project outcomes will produce significant cost savings for the clean-up of the nation's inventory of mine waste sites.