The effect of insufficient sleep on cardiovascular disease disparity between blacks and whites

项目总结/摘要 背景：黑人有更高的心血管疾病（CVD）发病率，CVD风险标志物（血 血压、胆固醇和不健康的葡萄糖水平）和CVD死亡率。尽管 在理解CVD差异如何产生和预防CVD方面取得进展，黑人与白人相比 仍然不成比例地受到心血管疾病的负担，特别是心血管疾病风险标志物。因此，更新颖的目标， 必须调查CVD风险标志物的种族差异，以减少和消除CVD差异。 有证据表明，睡眠不足（睡眠时间≤ 6小时/24小时周期），这不成比例地影响 与并发和未来CVD风险相关，可能提供解释CVD的潜在新机制 黑人和白人之间的风险差异。然而，目前还不清楚睡眠不足是否直接或间接 导致了黑人和白人之间心血管疾病风险的差异？因此，拟定K 01研究的目的是 研究睡眠不足是否能独立解释CVD中种族差异的重要部分 风险标记，同时调整睡眠呼吸暂停和失眠（两种睡眠障碍， 睡眠不足）。此外，由于55%的睡眠不足者是肥胖者，而黑人是肥胖者的两倍。 与白人相比，候选人可能肥胖，候选人将调查以下因素的独立和综合影响： 睡眠不足和肥胖对黑人和白人之间心血管疾病风险标志物差异的影响。 研究：在拟议的K 01中，候选人Azizi Seixas博士将调查：1）是否睡眠不足 和/或肥胖在种族/民族与CVD风险之间的关系中起重要作用， 睡眠呼吸暂停和失眠;以及2）睡眠时间和体重指数与最低睡眠呼吸暂停和失眠相关。 使用先进的数学分析方法和复杂的 系统仿真建模 培训：培训计划建立在候选人的背景和在以下领域进行研究的经验之上： 睡眠障碍和心血管疾病（如高血压和中风）。期间 K 01，候选人将接受睡眠科学和生理学，心血管疾病和 先进的分析、机器学习和仿真建模。他将对数据进行二次分析 睡眠心脏健康研究，一项由NHLBI资助的研究。教学方法包括一对一 指导、课程工作、指导实验室培训（实习）和出席目标会议 和研讨会，共同的目标是支持他过渡到一个独立的科学家。

Project Summary/Abstract Background: Blacks have higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD risk markers (elevated blood pressure, cholesterol, and unhealthy glucose levels), and CVD mortality, compared to whites. Despite advances in understanding how CVD disparity is engendered and preventing CVD, blacks compared to whites are still disproportionately burdened by CVD, particularly CVD risk markers. Therefore, more novel targets that drive racial disparity in CVD risk markers must be investigated in order to reduce and eliminate CVD disparity. Evidence indicating that insufficient sleep (sleep duration ≤6hrs/24 hr. cycle), which disproportionately affects blacks, is linked to concurrent and future CVD risk may offer a potentially novel mechanism explaining CVD risk disparity between blacks and whites. However, it is unclear whether insufficient sleep directly or indirectly drives disparity in CVD risk between blacks and whites? Therefore, the purpose of the proposed K01 study is to investigate whether insufficient sleep independently explains a significant portion of racial disparity in CVD risk markers, while adjusting for the confounding effects of sleep apnea and insomnia (two sleep disorders that cause insufficient sleep). Additionally, since 55% of insufficient sleepers are obese and blacks are twice as likely to be obese compared to whites, the candidate will investigate the independent and combined effects of insufficient sleep and obesity on the disparity in CVD risk markers between blacks and whites. Research: In the proposed K01, the candidate, Dr. Azizi Seixas, will investigate: 1) whether insufficient sleep and/or obesity play an important role in the relationship between race/ethnicity and CVD risk, controlling for sleep apnea and insomnia; and 2) what sleep duration and body mass index profile is associated with lowest probability of CVD risk among blacks and whites, using advanced mathematical analytic methods and complex system simulation modeling. Training: The training plan builds upon the candidate's background and experience in conducting research in sleep disorders and cardiovascular disease (e.g. hypertension and stroke), among minority populations. During the K01, the candidate will receive training in sleep science and physiology, cardiovascular disease and advanced analytical, machine learning, and simulation modeling. He will perform secondary analyses of data from the Sleep Heart Health Study, a NHLBI-funded study. The pedagogical approach includes one-on-one mentorship, course work, mentored laboratory training (practicum), and attendance to targeted conferences and seminars, with the common goal of supporting his transition to being an independent scientist.