Employing Ecological Momentary Assessment to Study Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Impulsivity among Youth at High-Risk for Suicide

项目总结 自杀是年轻人死亡的主要原因，最近的报告发现自杀的比率有所上升。到目前为止， 研究人员不能可靠地预测谁是最有自杀风险的人，也不知道个人何时自杀 最迫在眉睫的风险。以前的大部分研究都集中在自杀意念(SI)的远端预测因素和 自伤行为(SIB；SI/SIB)，换句话说，人口统计或诊断信息之间的关系 出现在某人面临最大风险之前的几年。这些信息可能会帮助研究人员识别个人 最有可能处于危险之中，但无助于确定何时风险最紧迫。此外，许多 研究依赖于追溯回忆的方法，或询问人们关于他们的SI/SIB病史月份和 在某人经历过SI或从事SIB工作数年后。这些方法可能会导致不准确的报道。 SI/SIB以及可能导致它们的因素。本研究旨在采用生态瞬时评估方法。 (EMA)，即通过智能手机进行的问卷调查，以了解自杀个人的高风险 16-20岁青少年在SI/SIB发生前的情绪、应对行为和冲动。 参与者将在14天的过程中每天回答问题，每天5次，目的是理解 他们的思想和感受，以及他们用来调节情感状态的应对策略。的目标是 这项研究不仅是为了更可靠地预测谁是年轻人自杀的最大风险，而且是为了更可靠地预测年轻人何时自杀，以及 更清楚地了解所涉及的过程，以便告知并量身定制旨在预防的治疗 SI/SIB的发生。

PROJECT SUMMARY Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth and recent reports have detected increases in rates. To date, researchers are not able to reliably predict who is most at-risk for suicide, nor do they know when individuals are at most imminent risk. Much of the prior research has focused on distal predictors of suicide ideation (SI) and self-injurious behaviors (SIB; SI/SIB), in other words relations among demographic or diagnostic information present in the years before someone is most at risk. This information may help researchers identify individuals most likely to be at-risk, but is not helpful in identifying when risk is most imminent. Additionally, much of the research has relied on retrospective recall methods, or asking people about their SI/SIB history months and years after someone experienced SI or engaged in SIB. These methods are likely to lead to inaccurate reports of SI/SIB and factors that may have led to them. This study aims to employ ecological momentary assessment (EMA), or questionnaires administered over smart-phones, to understand high-risk for suicide individuals' emotions, coping behaviors, and impulsivity in the moments leading up to SI/SIB among youth ages 16-20. Participants will answer questions daily, 5 times per day, over the course of 14 days aimed at understanding their thoughts and feelings, in addition to the coping strategies they use to regulate affective states. The goal of this research is to more reliably predict not only who, but when, youth are most at-risk for suicide, and to understand more clearly the processes implicated in order to inform and tailor treatments aimed at preventing the occurrence of SI/SIB.