Healthy transitions from mid-life to early older age: biomedical follow-up of 1958 Birth Cohort Study members at age 60

7.项目摘要/摘要 在过去的一个世纪里，人类预期寿命的无与伦比的增长是最伟大的之一 公共卫生医学成果。然而，它也在卫生和卫生方面提出了新的和独特的挑战 社会照顾，特别是慢性病负担加重和相关的老龄化状况，包括 认知障碍和虚弱。了解这些老龄化后果的发生和决定因素 已经成为具有重大政策影响的全球研究重点。已经有几项研究 在美国中老年人口中建立(HRS，MIDUS)，有能力提供更多- 需要对这些问题有深入的了解。然而，最近变得明显的是，作为基础的过程 衰老状态在生命过程中开始的时间比最初想象的要早得多，在某些情况下，甚至早在出生或 先入为主的观念。正是在这种以生命历程为导向的研究中，美国令人惊讶地失去了。1958年的英国人 英国的出生队列研究是对这一流派进行的最大规模的长期研究。与研究成员一起 接近60岁时，当老龄化问题开始频繁出现时，我们将开展 详细的表型和基因调查，涵盖一系列领域，包括生物学、心理学、 社会经济和行为特征。独一无二的是，这些新数据将使我们能够回答一系列 对公共卫生具有重要意义的重要研究问题，从确定可修改的政策 成功逆转早期生命暴露影响的中年行为和生物机制 和逆境对衰老结果的影响，通过研究早期生活教育的长期影响 对老年人的社会、健康和老龄化结果的干预，到跑一系列越野，以及 跨队列比较，以使我们能够强调这些过程在几代人中发生了哪些变化，或者 在国与国之间。这些数据将在不久之后向真正的种群科学家公开 收集，因此为科学界提供了无与伦比的资源来调查一系列政策- 相关问题。

7. Project Summary/Abstract The unrivalled increase in human life expectancy over the last century has been one of the greatest achievements of public health medicine. However, it also poses new and unique challenges in health and social care, in particular the increased burden of chronic diseases and associated ageing states, including cognitive impairment and frailty. Understanding the occurrence and determinants of these ageing outcomes has become a global research priority with considerable policy implications. Several studies have been established in middle- and older-aged populations in the US (HRS, MIDUS) with the capacity to offer much- needed insights into these issues. However, it has recently become evident that the processes that underlie ageing states begin much sooner in the life course than originally thought, in some cases as early as birth or preconception. It is in such life course-orientated studies that the USA is surprisingly bereft. The 1958 British Birth Cohort Study in the UK is the largest long-running study of this genre. With the study members approaching 60 years of age, when problems of ageing begin to emerge with frequency, we will carry out a detailed phenotypic and genotypic survey which covers an array of areas including biological, psychological, socioeconomic and behavioural characteristics. Uniquely, these new data will allow us to answer a series of important research questions of public health importance, ranging from identifying the policy-modifiable behaviours and biological mechanisms in mid-life that successfully reverse the effects of earlier life exposures and adversities on ageing outcomes, through to examining the long term influence of early life educational interventions on social, health, and ageing outcomes in older age, on to running a series of cross-country, and cross-cohort comparisons, to enable us to highlight where such processes are changing across generations, or between countries. These data will become publically available to bone fide population scientists soon after collection, so providing an unrivalled resource for the scientific community to investigate a range of policy- relevant issues.