Neurodevelopmental substrates of emotion regulation in obese, binge eating youth

 描述（由申请人提供）：进食时失控（即，一个人不能控制自己吃什么或吃多少的感觉）在儿童和青少年中很普遍。暴食与一系列身体和心理健康损害有关，包括肥胖和部分和完全综合症饮食失调的发展。因此，早期识别对于预防或尽量减少这些不良健康后果至关重要。然而，人们对儿童暴食症的发展知之甚少，因此缺乏有效的干预措施。情绪调节障碍似乎参与了肥胖样本中进食病理的发生和维持。到目前为止，青少年的情绪调节与暴食问题知之甚少，基本的神经发育底物的研究几乎是不存在的。这项拟议中的研究旨在描述30名超重儿童中参与情绪调节的神经回路，并与30名超重儿童和15名正常体重儿童进行比较。参与者将在MRI扫描仪中完成认知重新评价任务，其目的是表征与情绪维持控制条件相比，重新评价中涉及的神经活动。拟议的研究旨在促进该领域对超重儿童过度饮食的性质和相关因素的理解，以便为干预措施的制定提供信息。这项研究也符合申请人职业发展目标的更广泛背景。该候选人是精神病学和行为神经科学的助理教授，其研究项目主要集中在儿科饮食和体重失调，特别是暴饮暴食及其与负面影响的关系。4年培训计划的总体目标是将候选人确立为独立调查员。具体的培训活动将集中在获得足够的理解神经回路参与整个童年和青春期的情绪调节，能够利用发育神经科学框架的探索饮食失调;并获得经验收集，分析和解释功能磁共振成像数据。导师团队由国际知名的发展精神病理学、情感神经科学、儿科饮食和体重障碍专家组成，他们将对培训计划进行概念性监督，并培养申请人的职业轨迹。将开展研究和培训活动 芝加哥大学精神病学和行为神经科学系以及脑成像研究中心的研究人员。该职业发展奖将填补候选人培训的空白，以扩大她在儿童肥胖和饮食失调方面的专业知识，最终指导研究计划为这些问题开发新的干预措施，并促进她转变为独立的临床研究者。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Loss of control (LOC) while eating (i.e., the sense that one cannot control what or how much one is eating) is prevalent among children and adolescents. LOC eating is associated with a range of physical and psychosocial health impairments, including obesity and the development of partial- and full-syndrome eating disorders. Early identification is thus critical for preventing or minimizing these adverse health outcomes. However, little is known about the development of LOC eating in children and, consequently, there is a paucity of effective interventions. Impairments in emotion regulation appear to be involved in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology in obese samples. To date, emotion regulation in youth with LOC eating problems is poorly understood, and research on underlying neurodevelopmental substrates is virtually nonexistent. The proposed research aims to characterize neurocircuitry involved in emotion regulation among 30 overweight children with LOC eating as compared to 30 overweight and 15 normal-weight controls without LOC. Participants will complete a cognitive reappraisal task whilst situated in an MRI scanner, the purpose of which is to characterize neural activity involved in reappraisal versus an emotion maintenance control condition. The proposed research aims to advance the field's understanding of the nature and correlates of LOC eating in overweight children so as to inform intervention development. The research also fits within the broader context of the applicant's career development goals. The candidate is an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience whose research program has focused on pediatric eating and weight disorders, particularly binge eating and its relationship with negative affect. The overarching goal of the 4-year training program is to establish the candidate as an independent investigator. Specific training activities will focus on gaining a sufficient understanding of neurocircuitry involved in emotion regulation across childhood and adolescence to be able to utilize a developmental neuroscience framework for the probing of dysregulated eating; and obtaining experience collecting, analyzing, and interpreting fMRI data. The mentorship team consists of internationally-known experts in developmental psychopathology, affective neuroscience, and pediatric eating and weight disorders who will provide conceptual oversight of the training plan and nurture the applicant's career trajectory. Research and training activities will be carried out at the University of Chicago's Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Research Center. This Career Development Award will fill gaps in the candidate's training in order to broaden her expertise in pediatric obesity and eating disorders, ultimately guiding the research program towards the development of novel interventions for these problems, and facilitating her transition into an independent clinical investigator.