Biobehavioral mechanisms linking personality to health in midlife

标题：中年人格与健康的生物行为机制 摘要正文： 这项研究计划的目的是确定生物行为途径，通过这些途径，某些方面的人格赋予风险或提供保护，使其免受与衰老有关的生物和功能能力的中年变化。这项研究包括对2001-2005年招募到成人健康与行为项目(AHAB)的650名男性和女性进行了~16年的跟踪调查，AHAB项目是研究个体差异的机构资源。在AHAB注册时，参与者的年龄在30-54岁之间，基线方案(Time-1；T1)包括对个性和气质的广泛评估；精神病史和症状学；社会人口学；社会关系；认知；慢性病风险因素和健康做法；医疗和用药病史；以及心血管、自主神经、代谢、内分泌、免疫和中枢神经系统功能的仪器测量，以及与测量的表型相关的途径中的遗传变异。本项目代表了预期的中年老龄化多波纵向研究中AHAB数据收集的第二波(T2)。在这里，我们特别关注与情绪的体验和调节(神经质、外向)、人际关系(宜人性、外向)和目标导向行为(尽职尽责)有关的4个人格特征，每一个特征都是通过同伴和自我评级相结合来衡量的。我们的主要目标是确定多信息者T1测量这4个特征以及由稳定性的潜在元特质代表的神经质、宜人性和尽职尽责的共同变化，以及随着时间的推移个性变化是否能在4个广泛的领域预测计划结果(T2)：心脏代谢风险的进展；认知；身体功能；和细胞老化的方面。机械论模型假设了一组常见的与健康相关的行为和生物介体(例如，自主神经控制、炎症)，以及通过应激、情感反应和特征相关行为的特征特定路径。还收集了关于所有参与者的多个当天结束报告，以测试在日常生活中对自然发生的事件和社会互动的与特征相关的情感和行为反应是否反映了在流行病学模型中将这些特征与健康结果联系起来的假设路径。 项目条款： 老龄化；中年；纵向研究；个性；行为；认知；心脏代谢风险；身体功能；自主神经系统；炎症

Title: Biobehavioral Mechanisms Linking Personality to Health in Midlife Abstract Text: The objective of this research program is to identify biobehavioral pathways by which certain dimensions of personality confer risk or afford protection against midlife changes in biological and functional capacities germane to aging. The study comprises a ~16 year follow-up of 650 men and women who were recruited in 2001-2005 to the Adult Health and Behavior (AHAB) project, an institutional resource for the study of individual differences. Participants were 30-54 years of age at AHAB enrollment, and the baseline protocol (time-1; T1) included extensive evaluation of personality and temperament; psychiatric history and symptomatology; socio-demographics; social relationships; cognition; chronic disease risk factors and health practices; medical and medication histories; and instrumented measurement of cardiovascular, autonomic, metabolic, endocrine, immune and central nervous system functioning, as well as genetic variation in pathways related to measured phenotypes. The present project represents the second wave of AHAB data collection (T2) in an anticipated multi-wave longitudinal study of midlife aging. Here, we focus in particular on 4 personality traits relating to the experience and regulation of emotions (Neuroticism, Extraversion), interpersonal relationships (Agreeableness, Extraversion), and goal-directed behaviors (Conscientiousness), each measured by combination of peer- and self-ratings. Our primary aim is to determine whether multi-informant T1 measurements of these 4 traits and of the common variance of Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness represented by the latent meta-trait of Stability, as well as personality change over time, predict program outcomes at follow-up (T2) in 4 broad domains: progression of cardiometabolic risk; cognition; physical functioning; and aspects of cellular aging. Mechanistic models posit a common set of health-related behaviors and biomediators (e.g., autonomic control, inflammation), as well as trait-specific pathways via stress, affective responses, and trait-relevant behaviors. Multiple end-of-day reports are also collected on all participants to test whether trait-relevant affective and behavioral responses to naturally occurring events and social interactions in daily life mirror hypothesized pathways linking these traits to health outcomes in epidemiologic models. PROJECT TERMS: Aging; Midlife; Longitudinal Study; Personality; Behavior; Cognition; Cardiometabolic Risk; Physical Functioning; Autonomic Nervous System; Inflammation