Photoreceptor Mitochondria and Ca2+ Dynamics

光感受器，启动视觉的神经元，必须适应在敌对环境中生存。 细胞环境在视网膜中，它们暴露在有害的光辐射中， 经历100倍的细胞内Ca2+波动，位于血液附近 血管具有高水平的O2，并且比大多数其他类型的细胞更快地使用ATP 在体内为了确保最佳的功能和生存，光感受器必须有一个 维持健康线粒体的强大系统。这将涉及一个受监管的 线粒体清除、生物发生、融合和分裂之间的平衡。这里 我们提出了一个全面的分析昼夜调节这些 过程以及它们如何与线粒体结构和代谢的变化 功能我们利用小鼠和斑马鱼模型的优势， 我们在新陈代谢和光感受器生物学方面的专业知识。在目标1中， 定义光感受器线粒体功能的每日和昼夜变化， 结构在目标2中，我们评估了线粒体清除率和生物发生， 目的3我们研究细胞触发线粒体流动性。总的来说， 我们问了几个问题， 线粒体稳态我们将检查线粒体的生物发生，清除， 形态、数量、影响运动的因素和不同时间的代谢 在白天，在光明和黑暗中。这将提供一个广泛和有影响力的概述， 如何协调这些过程以优化感光体健康， 功能

Photoreceptors, the neurons that initiate vision, must adapt to survive in a hostile cellular environment. In the retina they are exposed to damaging light radiation, experience 100-fold fluctuations in intracellular Ca2+, are located near blood vessels with high levels of O2, and use ATP faster than most other types of cells in the body. To ensure optimal function and survival, photoreceptors must have a robust system for maintaining healthy mitochondria. This would involve a regulated balance between mitochondrial clearance, biogenesis, fusion and fission. Here we propose a comprehensive analysis of the circadian regulation of these processes and how they relate to changes in mitochondrial structure and metabolic function. We exploit advantages of both the mouse and the zebrafish models and our expertise studying metabolism and photoreceptor biology. In Aim 1 we will define daily and circadian changes in photoreceptor mitochondria function and structure. In Aim 2 we evaluate mitochondrial clearance and biogenesis and in Aim 3 we examine cellular triggers underlying mitochondrial mobility. In summary, we are asking several questions that are all directed toward understanding mitochondria homeostasis. We will examine mitochondrial biogenesis, clearance, morphology, number, factors influencing motility and metabolism at different times of day both in light and dark. This will provide a broad and impactful overview of how these processes are coordinated to optimize photoreceptor health and function.