Translating an In-Person Brief, Bystander Bullying Intervention (STAC) to a Technology-Based Intervention

项目摘要 虽然研究支持全面的全校干预措施在减少欺凌方面的功效，但这些 各种类型的计划可能需要大量的时间和财政资源来实施， 提供基于学校的欺凌预防，特别是在低收入和农村社区。此外，本发明的目的是， 尽管训练旁观者作为欺凌目标的“捍卫者”是一种重要的干预措施， 作为一个组成部分，很少有方案将此作为其全面战略的一部分。简短的计划，重点是 需要对旁观者进行培训，并需要较少的资源，以减少欺凌行为及其负面后果。 PI（Midgett博士）开发了STAC，这是一种针对中学的简短，独立的欺凌旁观者干预 学生，以减少欺凌和旁观者的心理健康风险。然而，简短的面对面课程仍然 造成执行障碍，如培训学校人员，提供外部支持，不允许 同时培养大批学生。对于这个项目，我们建议开发一种技术- 基于STAC干预（STAC-T），允许学生通过选择化身来定制他们的体验 和欺凌场景基于我们以前在一系列中学进行的研究，包括那些 低收入和农村社区。我们还将纳入评估和个性化反馈 促进行为改变。创新的，以用户为中心的设计提出将是固有的 对学生的文化需求敏感，并确定适合个人的策略。具体目标是 应用程序包括进行需求分析，以确定产品需求，建立系统原型， 利用我们之前的工作和外部顾问委员会的专业知识，以及可用性和有效性测试 与中学生和利益相关者一起评估可行性。本提案旨在记录 概念验证和最后确定该系统的设计和内容，该系统将在一个 随后的随机临床试验。以技术为基础的平台将增加整体覆盖面、影响力， STAC干预欺凌预防的可持续性。这将大大降低成本， reach及其交互性和算法可以定制程序内容，以进一步适应学生参加 低收入和农村学校。于是，这种低成本、易传播的技术型欺凌旁观者 干预有可能对欺凌问题产生实质性影响， 相关后果的学生谁是目标和旁观者在中学时， 霸凌问题达到顶峰。STAC-T干预的市场很大，大约有10万 在美国，公立和私立学校都有中学级别。在全球范围内，在线教育 数字健康市场每年以10%的速度增长，每年超过2200亿美元。

Project Summary While studies support the efficacy of comprehensive, school-wide interventions in reducing bullying, these types of programs can require significant time and financial resources for implementation, resulting in barriers to providing school-based bullying prevention, especially in low-income and rural communities. Additionally, although training bystanders to act as “defenders” on behalf of targets of bullying is an important intervention component, few programs include this as part of their comprehensive strategy. Brief programs that focus on bystander training and require fewer resources are needed to reduce bullying and its negative consequences. The PI (Dr. Midgett) developed STAC, a brief, stand-alone bullying bystander intervention for middle school students, to reduce bullying and mental health risks for bystanders. Brief, in-person programs, however, still pose implementation barrier such as training school personnel, providing external support, and not allowing for large groups of students to be trained at the same time. For this project, we propose to develop a technology- based STAC intervention (STAC-T) that will allow students to customize their experience by selecting avatars and bullying scenarios based on our previous studies conducted in a range of middle schools, including those in low-income and rural communities. We will also incorporate an assessment and personalized feedback component to promote behavior change. The innovative, user-centered design proposed will be inherently sensitive to cultural needs of students and identify personally-appropriate strategies. The specific aims of this application include conducting a needs analysis to determine product need, building a system prototype leveraging our prior work and expertise of an external advisory board, and usability and effectiveness testing with middle school students and stakeholders to evaluate feasibility. This proposal is designed to document proof of concept and finalizing design and content of the system which will be developed and tested in a subsequent randomized clinical trial. The technology-based platform will increase the overall reach, impact, and sustainability of the STAC intervention for bullying prevention. It will substantially reduce cost to increase reach and its interactivity and algorithms can tailor program content to adapt it further for students attending low-income and rural schools. Thus, this low-cost, easy to disseminate technology-based bullying bystander intervention has the potential to have a substantial impact on the problem of bullying and the negative associated consequences for both students who are targets and bystanders in middle school when the problem of bullying peaks. There is a large market for the STAC-T intervention with approximately 100,000 public and private schools with middle-school grades in the United States. Globally, the online education market is growing at 10% a year and the digital health market exceeds $220 billion annually.